Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of hydrocolloid dressing in reducing the occurrence rate and severity of nasotracheal tube-related pressure injury. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: A PICU in a tertiary medical center in southern China. Patients: Pediatric patients received invasive mechanical ventilation via nasotracheal tubes. Interventions: The hydrocolloid dressing was cut into an optimal square size, which should cover the area from the nasal columella to the ala. Measurements and Main Results: Eligible participants were randomly allocated to the control group and the experimental group. The participants in the experimental group received hydrocolloid dressing to protect nasal skin from the beginning of nasotracheal intubation, while the participants in the control group received the current care procedure (without hydrocolloid dressing) unless pressure injuries occurred. The hydrocolloid dressing was changed daily to assess the nasal skin. The pressure injury staging system that was redefined and updated by the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel in 2016 was used. The mean duration of nasotracheal intubation was 150.10 ± 117.09 hours in the experimental group and 161.75 ± 120.72 hours in the control group. Forty-five participants had nasotracheal tube-related pressure injuries in control group, whereas 26 patients had in experimental group (72.6% vs 43.3%; absolute difference, 29.3%, 95% CI, 12.5–46%; p = 0.001). The median survival times of the nasal skin integrity were 95.5 hours in the control group and 219.5 hours in the experimental group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Hydrocolloid dressing can not only reduce the occurrence rate of nasotracheal tube-related pressure injury in the child with long-term nasotracheal intubation but also improve the endurance of the nasal skin significantly.

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe form of acute lung injury that has a high mortality rate and leads to substantial healthcare costs. MicroRNA-124-3p (miR-124-3p) helps to suppress inflammation during a pulmonary injury. However, its mechanism of action is largely unknown, and its role in ARDS remains to be determined. Methods: Mice and NR8383 cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) to induce ARDS, and their miR-124-3p levels were determined. After a miRNA agomir was administrated to the mice, their pulmonary injuries were evaluated by H&E staining and assays for peripheral inflammatory cytokine levels. The direct interaction between miR-124-3p and p65 was predicted, and then confirmed by a luciferase activity assay. The role played by miRNA-124-3p in regulating p65 expression was further examined by transfection with its agomir, and its role in cell apoptosis was investigated by observing the effects of miRNA overexpression in vitro and in vivo. Results: After exposure to LPS, there was a consistent decrease in miR-124-3p expression in the lungs of mice and in NR8383 cells. After treatment with the miR-124-3p agomir, the degrees of pulmonary injury (e.g. alveolar hemorrhage and interstitial edema), and the increases in IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels induced by LPS were significantly attenuated. Overexpression of miR-124-3p in NC8383 cells and lung tissues significantly suppressed LPS-induced p65 expression and cell apoptosis. Conclusions: These results suggest that miR-124-3p directly targeted p65, and thereby decreased the levels of inflammation and pulmonary injury in a mouse model of ARDS.

Objective The objective of this work is to compare posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) between families of children on cancer treatment and families of healthy children in China and to analyse the association among child PTSS, parent PTSS, and depression in the cancer group. Methods Participants were children on cancer treatment (n = 91) and their parents (n = 91), and healthy children (n = 114) and their parents (n = 96). The children were asked to self‐report PTSS, and the parents completed self‐reported measures of PTSS and depression. Results Although the prevalence of probable PTSD in children on cancer treatment was higher than that in comparisons (8.79% vs. 0.88%, P < 0.01), no statistic differences in PTSS levels were found between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, significant differences in PTSS levels and the prevalence of severe PTSS (21.98% vs. 1.04%) between parents of children with cancer and comparisons were observed (P < 0.001). Parent PTSS and depression were positively associated with child PTSS in the cancer group (P < 0.01). Conclusion The prevalence of probable PTSD in Chinese children with cancer was low, but PTSS was remarkably prevalent in their parents. Greater parent PTSS and depression were related to greater child PTSS. Results underline the importance to provide supportive psychological care for Chinese parents of children undergoing cancer treatment.

The performance of ultrasonic-assisted laser welding with filler wire was investigated using high-speed imaging and a mechanical analysis of the droplet. The present study demonstrated that the droplet transition was influenced by the distance between the ultrasonic-assisted position and the weld. Due to ultrasonic assistance and plasma and metal vapor injection, the droplet was blown away and not directly above the keyhole such that the shielding and the absorption of the laser were minimal. The weld pool received direct laser irradiation for a long period. The weld depth increased by 27.2%, while the width difference was not significant when the distance between the ultrasonic-assisted position and the weld center (DUL) was 10 mm. As the DUL increased to 20 mm, the weld was formed well, and the pores were significantly reduced. With increasing the DUL, the effect of ultrasound on the weld pool became weak. Also, the droplet transition did not significantly differ from that without ultrasound, when the distance was 30 mm.

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