Preoperative 3D-TOF MRA can identify the relationship between the facial nerve and adjacent vessels in patients with a hemifacial spasm and assist in preoperative planning. This study suggests that 3D-TOF MRA is useful for selecting appropriate patients for surgical treatment and, to some extent, as an additional role for predicting the clinical outcome.

Background/Aims: In recurrent or persistent idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (TN) after initial operation, additional surgical procedures may be required. There are numerous articles reporting the outcomes of additional surgical treatment and it is unclear how best to treat patients with recurrent or persistent TN. We evaluated the subsequent therapeutic options for recurrent or persistent TN. Methods: The study was a retrospective study. The authors reviewed 29 patients (15 female/14 male) who underwent retreatments for recurrent or persistent symptoms after an initial operation. Results: The mean follow-up duration was 56.4 months (range 12–78.7) from final treatment. Patients underwent a mean of 2.3 retreatments with a mean period of 26 months (range 1–72) between treatments. Final treatments were as follows: microvascular decompression (MVD) in 12 patients, percutaneous rhizotomy in 10, and radiosurgery in 7. Of the 29 patients, after final treatments, 9 patients (31%) achieved excellent results and 15 (52%) good results. Failure results were seen in 17% of patients with recurrent TN. Conclusion: In this study the authors demonstrate that percutaneous rhizotomy is recommended for most patients with recurrent pain after MVD, and MVD can be effective in patients with a history of failed percutaneous procedures. Radiosurgery can be utilized to treat those that have not responded to other surgical modalities.

The absorbed dosage of radiation of patients investigated by MDCT is clinically significant. The actionable results and ETF in our study demonstrate considerable opportunity for improvement in the utilisation of this technology by physicians.

The fibular osteocutaneous flap is the gold standard for oromandibular reconstruction. However, the lengths of the vascular pedicles are