The association between psychological stress and stroke remains uncertain. We therefore examined whether or not one of the most extreme psychological stressors, the death of a child, was associated with the risk of stroke in a nationwide population-based follow-up study. All 21,062 parents who lost a child in Denmark during 1980–1996 were compared with 293,745 parents who had not lost a child. The overall adjusted relative risk (RR) of stroke was 1.00 (95% CI = 0.83–1.20) among the exposed after up to 18 years of follow-up. The RRs for fatal stroke and nonfatal stroke were 0.69 (95% CI = 0.37–1.26) and 1.03 (95% CI = 0.85–1.24), respectively. The RRs for hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic stroke were 1.02 (95% CI = 0.77–1.36) and 0.94 (95% CI = 0.74–1.20), respectively. The risk of stroke did not differ irrespective of whether the death of the child was unexpected or not. The death of a child was not associated with any substantially increased risk of stroke in the bereaved parents.

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Lead-acid batteries are a reliable and cost-effective uninterrupted power supply for cars, wheelchairs, and others. Recycling the spent lead-acid batteries has increased cost and could be a serious pollution issue after extensive use. It is important to exploit new-generation application to increase their value. In this article, we used a simple method for recycling spent lead-acid batteries for a useful lead iodide resource with a high purity of over 99% and a recycling yield of 93.1% and then fabricated multifunctional FAPbI3 perovskite diodes using recycled lead iodide (PbI2). The cost of recycled PbI2 based on lab-grade chemicals is estimated to be only 13.6% that of lab-grade PbI2, which undoubtedly greatly reduces the preparation cost of devices in the lab. The external quantum efficiencies of our perovskite diodes prepared with commercial and recycled PbI2 are 19.0 and 18.7%, respectively, which shows that the performance of the device prepared from recycled PbI2 is comparable to that of commercial lab-grade PbI2. Based on the expense of industrial-grade chemicals, the cost of recycled PbI2 is extrapolated to be 70.2% that of industrial-grade PbI2. Therefore, it can not only offer an approach to recycle hazardous solid waste but also save manufacturing cost of new-generation photoelectric devices, leading to earning additional value for lead waste.

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