Gas chromatographic separation of the enantiomers of nineteen structurally related aromatic alcohols was investigated as a function of temperature using a heptakis(2,3-di-O-methyl-6-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-beta-cyclodextrin-coated capillary column. Thermodynamic parameters were determined and compared with those obtained with the nonchiral, reference stationary phase, OV-1701. While the -deltaH and -deltaS values for the more retained enantiomers of all nineteen alcohols are comparable on the chiral stationary phase used, the -delta(deltaH) and -delta(deltaS) values are considerably different. Of all the solutes tested, enantiodiscrimination was the greatest for the 2,6-difluoro-alpha-methylbenzyl alcohol.

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A lack of science and technology knowledge understanding of most rural people who had the highest education at elementary education level more than others level is unsuccessfully transferred appropriate technology knowledge for rural sustainable development. This study provides the measurement of the learning process by semantic annotation technique on Bloom's Taxonomy vocabulary to prove the effectiveness of tutorial science ontology improving the learning process of non-science and technology educated farmers. The result showed that (i) experimental sample group who additional social science ontologies significantly improve learning process of throughput domain knowledge. (ii) The experimental group reaches analysis level while the control group without ontology input meets apply level. The experimental group cognitive level improves one step further of the control group.