The aim of our study was to determine whether patients with pulmonary tuberculosis may have subclinical forms of urogenital tuberculosis. Between 2011 and 2012, a prospective study was conducted. Basic demographic parameters were recorded and the following investigations were performed: direct bacilloscopy of sputum, evaluation of affected lung fields and presence of cavities on chest X-ray, Mantoux tuberculin skin test II, and interferon gamma release assay. Culture and molecular methods for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in urine were performed. In cases with a positive urine test, an ultrasound examination, computed tomography scan of the abdomen, and endoscopy of the urinary tract were performed. A total of 102 patients (75 men and 27 women) were included in the study, with a median age of 46.8 years. Subclinical forms of urogenital TB were detected in 7 patients; 5 by molecular methods, 1 by urine culture, and 1 with both methods The presence of subclinical forms of genitourinary TB was found in 4 patients without and 3 patients with findings on imaging methods corresponding to TB. A significant number of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis may simultaneously have subclinical forms of urogenital TB.

Aim. Comparision of the incidence of cervical lymphadenitis caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria in two equal time periods before and after the ending of widespread calmetization (tuberculosis vaccination). Backgroung. From 2011 to 2018, 89 children were registered in the Tuberculosis Register with cervical lymphadenitis caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria, as confirmed by cultivation. In the majority of cases, the infection was caused by a mycobacterium belonging to the Mycobacterium avium complex. Only 7 cases of cervical lymphadenitis of the same etiology were registered during the same time interval between 2003 and 2010. The authors consider the ending of widespread calmetization (tuberculosis vaccination) in 2010 to be the main cause of the growing incidence. Method. A comparison of data for the period 2003-2018 about cases of the illness caused by atypical mycobacteria as reported in the Tuberculosis Register. Results. The average incidence per year in the first interval was 0.04/100 000 children and in the second interval 0.53/100 000 children. During the second time interval, there was an increase from 0.14/100 000 children in 2011 to 1.40/100 000 children in 2018. While the incidence during the first time interval did not show any time trend (P=0.885), the year 2010 marks a significant turning point, with growth during the second interval being highly statistically significant (P<0.001).

Tuberkulóza patří mezi onemocnění podléhající hlášení. Údaje o všech hlášených tuberkulózně nemocných se monitorují a vyhodnocují v registru tuberkulózy. Registr tuberkulózy je propojen s Informačním systémem bacilární tuberkulózy, do kterého laboratoře hlásí pozitivní výsledky vyšetření mykobakteriologickými metodami. V roce 2020 bylo v České republice hlášeno 368 nových případů (a recidiv) TBC všech forem a lokalizací. Relativně nejvíce pacientů mělo bydliště v Hl. m. Praze, nejméně v Olomouckém kraji. 76 % TBC bylo bakteriologicky ověřeno. Ve věkové skupině 0 -14 let byly hlášeny 2 případy TBC. Podíl osob narozených mimo Českou republiku se zjištěnou TBC v České republice představoval 34 % z celkové notifikace. 10 pacientů mělo multirezistentní TBC. Do registru TBC bylo nahlášeno 24 úmrtí na TBC. S hlášenou incidencí TBC 3,4/100 000 obyvatel se Česká republika řadí k zemím s nejnižším výskytem TBC v Evropě.

The existence of health registers at the national level allows for a systematic and continuous control of the state of healthcare, the digitalisation of certain services and the overall improvement of the state of care. The data collected in such registers are then analysed and visualised. Thanks to this, it is possible to effectively evaluate various indicators and thus pass on a comprehensive picture to all stakeholders involved in the health system -legislators, healthcare providers and patients. The Registry of Tuberculosis (RTBC) is one source of data. The article describes this data source as well as the methods that lead to the creation of a freely available online interactive tool. Published visualisations offer a view of the data from several angles and deal with various subtopics of tuberculosis. Finally, particular results and possible improvements are presented.

Objective: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in children globally represents a proportion of all cases of tuberculosis, reaching 20% according to published reports. Children are at a higher risk for disseminated TB and extrapulmonary forms. The most prevalent clinical presentations of EPTB in children worldwide are peripheral lymphadenitis and osteoarticular TB. Peritoneal, urogenital, or meningeal tuberculosis is less frequent, and their diagnosis is often difficult. The aim of the study was the determination of EPTB incidence in children in a low-prevalence region over 35 years.Methods: Descriptive retrospective study of the incidence of EPTB in children and adolescents (aged 0-18 years) in the Czech Republic in the years 1987-2021 as reported in the tuberculosis register.Results: Total amount of EPTB cases was 95. The most prevalent form was extrathoracic lymph node TB. The median age was 10 years. Most patients (84%) were Czechs. None of them died. The ratio of pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB was 79.8% to 20.2%. Conclusion:The low incidence of EPTB in Czech children is congruent with a low incidence of TB in the Czech Republic. Our study confirms that the most frequent form of EPTB is peripheral lymph node TB. Our study did not prove a significant change in the trend of EPTB after the cessation of the mandatory Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination programme.