Artificial intelligence (AI), also known as machine intelligence, is widely utilized in the medical field, promoting medical advances. Malignant tumors are the critical focus of medical research and improvement of clinical diagnosis and treatment. Mediastinal malignancy is an important tumor that attracts increasing attention today due to the difficulties in treatment. Combined with artificial intelligence, challenges from drug discovery to survival improvement are constantly being overcome. This article reviews the progress of the use of AI in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic prospects of mediastinal malignant tumors based on current literature findings.

Purpose of reviewExtragonadal germ cell tumors (EGCTs) are relatively rare tumors, accounting for 1%–5% of all GCTs. In this review, we summarize the current research progress regarding the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of EGCTs from an immunology perspective.Recent findingsThe histological origin of EGCTs is related to a gonadal origin, but they are located outside the gonad. They show great variation in morphology and can occur in the cranium, mediastinum, sacrococcygeal bone, and other areas. The pathogenesis of EGCTs is poorly understood, and their differential diagnosis is extensive and challenging. EGCT behavior varies greatly according to patient age, histological subtype, and clinical stage.SummaryThis review provides ideas for the future application of immunology in the fight against such diseases, which is a hot topic currently.