During space missions, astronauts are exposed to a stream of energetic and highly ionizing radiation particles that can suppress immune system function, increase cancer risks and even induce acute radiation syndrome if the exposure is large enough. As human exploration goals shift from missions in low-Earth orbit (LEO) to long-duration interplanetary missions, radiation protection remains one of the key technological issues that must be resolved. In this work, we introduce the NEUtron DOSimetry & Exploration (NEUDOSE) CubeSat mission, which will provide new measurements of dose and space radiation quality factors to improve the accuracy of cancer risk projections for current and future space missions. The primary objective of the NEUDOSE CubeSat is to map the in situ lineal energy spectra produced by charged particles and neutrons in LEO where most of the preparatory activities for future interplanetary missions are currently taking place. To perform these measurements, the NEUDOSE CubeSat is equipped with the Charged & Neutral Particle Tissue Equivalent Proportional Counter (CNP-TEPC), an advanced radiation monitoring instrument that uses active coincidence techniques to separate the interactions of charged particles and neutrons in real time. The NEUDOSE CubeSat, currently under development at McMaster University, provides a modern approach to test the CNP-TEPC instrument directly in the unique environment of outer space while simultaneously collecting new georeferenced lineal energy spectra of the radiation environment in LEO.

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assisted gynecologic cancer surgery and to compare the rate to reported incidence of similar surgeries without the use of routine cystoscopy. Methods Retrospective study utilizing a single gynecologic oncologist's database (July 1, 2017 to January 30, 2019) in which routine cystoscopy was performed to detect urinary tract injury following robotic total hysterectomies (RTH) for surgical treatment of endometrial cancer (N=50). Data was analyzed using Chi-square test, unpaired t-test, and bivariate correlation. Results None of the patients with a known, treated pre-op UTI presented with a post-op UTI within 30 days of surgery. Additionally, the routine cystoscopy did not find urinary tract injuries in any of the patients. Out of 50 patients, 20 (10%) has post-op UTIs within 30 days of routine cystoscopy. Patients with post-op UTIs had higher median operating room time, more complex surgeries, and higher surgical stage compared to the patients without post-op UTIs (table 1). Increased incidence of UTIs were also statistically significantly associated with younger age, higher estimated blood loss (EBL), and higher surgical stage, p<0.05 (table 2). Conclusions Younger patients with an increased EBL and higher surgical stage endometrial cancer were associated with a higher rate of post-op UTI occurrence after routine cystoscopy in robotic-assisted gynecologic surgery. UTIs are common in women undergoing gynecologic surgery; however, the rate appears to be higher with routine cystoscopy in this small cohort. Consideration of a larger sample size merits further investigation.

Objectives In the US and EU, rucaparib is approved for recurrent ovarian cancer (rOC) associated with or without homologous recombination deficiency (HRD; ie, BRCA mutation or high genomic loss of heterozygosity [LOH]); nivolumab is approved for recurrent, locally advanced/metastatic UC. Preclinical data suggest that PARP inhibition may work synergistically with PD-L1 blockade by stimulating the tumor microenvironment to enhance immune-mediated antitumor activity. ARIES (NCT03824704) is evaluating rucaparib plus nivolumab for rOC (Cohorts A1/A2) or locally advanced, unresectable/metastatic UC (Cohort B). Methods Cohort A is enrolling 2 groups of patients (A1 and A2) with platinum-sensitive rOC who have received £2 prior treatments. The first group (Cohort A1) includes wild-type BRCA and high genomic LOH (!16%) rOC; the second exploratory group (Cohort A2) includes BRCA-mutated rOC. Cohort B is enrolling UC patients regardless of HRD or PD-L1 status who are cisplatin-ineligible and declined carboplatinbased therapy or progressed following 1 line of platinumbased therapy. Patients in Cohorts A1 and B must have measurable disease (RECIST v1.1). Tumor sample is mandatory for tumor BRCA/LOH status assessment. Prior PARP or immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment is exclusionary. Patients are receiving rucaparib (600 mg PO BID) and nivolumab (480 mg IV Q4W). The primary endpoints are investigator-assessed objective response rate (RECIST v1.1; Cohorts A1 and B) and the effect of rucaparib on the immune microenvironment (Cohort A2). Results Approximately 140 patients are being enrolled in the US. Conclusions ARIES is assessing the efficacy of rucaparib plus nivolumab in patients with rOC or locally advanced, unresectable/metastatic UC.