Commercially produced, unencapsulated, Czochralski (CZ) silicon solar cells can lose 3%–4% (relative) of their initial efficiency after exposure to light, after minority-carrier injection during dark forward bias, or after thermal treatment at 100–400 °C. All three degradation methods reduce the minority-carrier diffusion length in the cell substrate. Under light, the decrease in efficiency is rapid (<30 min at 1 sun), but the cell power remains stable thereafter. The effect is completely reversible and the cell performance recovers in <12 h in the dark at room temperature. The various conditions under which CZ silicon cells degrade, and the reverse process, annealing, are characterized by spectral response and current–voltage (I–V) measurements. Iron impurities are a possible cause of this effect.

Zusammenfassung Dieser Beitrag gibt einenÜberblick uber unterschiedliche Bildgebungs-und Bildverarbeitungsverfahren, die heute in den Kliniken verwendet werden. Es wird die gesamte Bildkette von der Bildverarbeitung uber die Bildverbesserung bis hin zur Rekonstruktion und Bildregistrierung beschrieben. Die einzelnen Themenkomplexe werden dabei aus medizinischer und technischer Sicht diskutiert. Aus den klinischen Anforderungen und den gesetzlichen Randbedingungen folgen wichtige Grundsätze für die Architekturkonzepte und den Entwicklungsprozess medizinischer Bildverarbeitungssysteme.Schlüsselwörter Medizinische Bildverarbeitung · Morphologische Bildgebung · Molekulare Bildgebung · Bildsystem · Bildvorverarbeitung · Bildnachverarbeitung · Rekonstruktion · Registrierung · Mulimodale Bildgebung · V-Modell J. Hornegger (u) Abstract In this paper we give a broad overview of modalities used in modern medical imaging and image processing. The whole image processing pipeline including image acquisition, image pre-and post-processing, reconstruction and multi-modal image registration is introduced. We roughly describe the user requirements of medical image processing algorithms and their implication to the system architecture and the software-engineering process as it is established in medical engineering.

An Institute of Medicine report published in 2012 concluded that healthcare has become too complex and costly to continue on its present trajectory, and that digital technologies will be a key aspect of healthcare delivery [1]. While such reports provide a valuable research agenda for how the healthcare system needs to function, a fundamental issue is it is not designed to provide the level of care outlined in the reports. For our healthcare system to function at a high level it needs to undergo a substantial transformation, of which software engineering and the SEHC community will play a critical role. The current healthcare delivery paradigm is one of connectivity and information exchange. Software engineering will be a crucial enabling technology for healthcare transformation because our ability to provide integrated healthcare delivery will only be as good as our ability to engineer the underlying software that enables connectivity. In that sense, our ability to deliver efficient, safe and evidence based healthcare services will depend greatly on software engineering and the innovative research of the SEHC community.The theme for the 5th SEHC workshop was "Moving beyond entrenched ways -Software engineering for healthcare transformation in the 21st Century".