This article describes an experimental programme aimed at studying the effect of cover, ratio between diameter and effective reinforcement ratio (φ/ρ s,ef ) and the influence of stirrup spacing on the cracking behaviour of reinforced concrete elements. The experimental programme was conceived in order to contribute to the debate -fuelled by the publication in recent years of Eurocode 2 EN1992-1-1 and the revision of the Model Code under way when the tests were carried out (and now published as a finalized document) -regarding the influence of these parameters on cracking. Important theoretical aspects are discussed, including where the crack width is estimated by current code formulations and what relevance this may have on the correlation between crack opening and durability of RC structures, especially with regard to structures with large covers. The effect of stirrup spacing, a variable absent from current codes, is also discussed.
En este artículo se presentan tres soluciones innovadoras y sostenibles para mejorar las infraestructuras ferroviarias europeas. En primer lugar, se presenta Neoballast, nueva solución para balasto que ofrece mayor durabilidad, menor impacto ambiental y una reducción de ruido y vibraciones, entre otras muchas prestaciones. En segundo lugar, se presenta el árido siderúrgico desarrollado en el proyecto Gain para uso como subbalasto y capa de forma ferroviaria, el cual ofrece mayores prestaciones mecánicas a la vez que se valoriza un residuo de la producción de acero. En tercer lugar, se presenta el árido siderúrgico desarrollado en el proyecto Birbalas para su uso como balasto y subbalasto ferroviario, del cual se está a la espera de obtener resultados definitivos, si bien los resultados provisionales son muy positivos.
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