PURPOSE: To identify the factors associated with weight retention after pregnancy. METHODS: A cohort study was performed with 145 women receiving maternity care at a hospital in Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, aged 19 to 45 years, between weeks 38 and 42 of pregnancy. The patients were evaluated at one month, three months, and six months after delivery. Student's t-test or one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare groups, as indicated; correlations were assessed with Pearson's and Spearman's tests, as indicated; to identify and evaluate confounders independently associated with total weight loss, a multivariate linear regression analysis was performed and statistical significance was set at p≤0.05. RESULTS: There was a significant positive association between total weight gain -and a negative association with physical exercise during pregnancy -with total weight loss. Higher parity, interpregnancy interval, calorie intake, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), weight gain related to pre-pregnancy BMI, presence and severity of depression, and lack of exclusive breastfeeding were directly associated with lower weight loss. Among nominal variables, level of education and marital status were significantly associated with total weight loss. CONCLUSION: In the present study, lower weight retention in the postpartum period was associated with higher educational attainment and with being married. Normal or below-normal pre-pregnancy BMI, physical activity and adequate weight gain during pregnancy, lower parity, exclusive breastfeeding for a longer period, appropriate or low calorie intake, and absence of depression were also determinants of reduced weight retention. ResumoOBJETIVO: Identificar os fatores associados à retenção de peso após a gravidez. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo de coorte com 145 mulheres que receberam cuidados de maternidade em um hospital de Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, com idades entre 19 e 45 anos entre a 38ª e a 42ª semana da gravidez. As pacientes foram avaliadas um, três e seis meses após o parto. As variáveis foram analisadas com o teste t de Student ou análise de variância de uma via (ANOVA), conforme indicado; as associações foram analisadas pelas correlações de Pearson e Spearman. Para identificar e analisar confundidores independentemente associados à perda de peso, foi utilizada regressão linear multivariada e foi considerado estatisticamente significante p≤0,05. RESULTADOS: Houve uma associação positiva significativa entre o ganho de peso total -e uma associação negativa com o exercício físico durante a gravidezcom a perda de peso total. Maior número de partos, intervalo entre partos, ingestão de calorias, índice de massa corporal (IMC) antes da gestação, ganho de peso relacionado com IMC pré-gestacional, presença e severidade de depressão e falta de aleitamento materno exclusivo foram diretamente associados com menor perda de peso. Entre as variáveis nominais, o nível de escolaridade e estado civil foram significativamente associados com a...
Objective: To assess the prevalence of sarcopenia and associated factors among older women from the local community and older women living in Long-Term Care (LTC) institutions.Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted with 423 older women aged 60 or more, from the local community and older women aged 60 or more, living in LTC institutions. Sarcopenia was defined, according to the consensus of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2), including three criteria: low muscle strength (LMS) (<16kg); low muscle mass (LMM) (≤6.75kg/m2) assessed by a skeletal muscle mass index, and low physical performance (LPP) (≤0,8m/s) assessed by gait speed test. Older women who only showed LMS were considered to have pre-sarcopenia, those with LMS associated with LMM were diagnosed with sarcopenia and those who met all three criteria, were diagnosed with severe sarcopenia.Results: Among the community-dwelling older women, the prevalence of sarcopenia was 2.0% (from 60 to 69), 8.6% (from 70 to 79) and 12.9% (80 or more) and among the ones living in LTC Institutions, 3.3% (from 60 to 69), 14.8% (from 70 to 79) and 34.2% (80 or more). After multivariate logistic regression, age and low body mass index (BMI) were associated with sarcopenia in both groups.Conclusion: The prevalence of sarcopenia is higher among LTC older women. However, this is not an independent factor. In addition, regardless of residence, low BMI and advanced age are predictive for sarcopenia.
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