In traditional medicine, Annnickia chlorantha (Annonaceae)is used in many parts of Africa to treat several pathologies. It is used for the management of stomach problems, for the treatment of jaundice, tuberculosis, urinary tract infections, malaria, hepatitis and ulcers forms, for gallstones or even diarrhea. The phytochemical analysis and determination of the antiradical activity of the methanolic extract of the trunk bark from Annickia chlorantha from Gabon was the subject of this study. Phytochemical screening revealed the abundance of alkaloids, polyphenols and catechics tannins.The total polyphenol content released by the Folin-Ciocalteu method was 309.17 ± 38.05 g of gallic acid equivalent per 100 mg of dry matterand the total flavonoids content performed with AlCl3 was 155.16 ± 21.06 g of quercetin equivalent per 100 mg of dry matter. The antiradical activity was limited to 81.58% ± 1.25 without disappearance of the ABTS•+ radical after 6 minutes of incubation. These results confirm the correlation between the polyphenol content and the antiradical activity.

An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants was carried out among the Mitsogho people of thefour (4) villages located from Oyane 4 to Four-Place (Estuaire-Gabon). The objective of this study was firsttodraw up an inventory of plants used in their traditional medicine against infant diarrhea and then to describe the recipes applied by the local population. Sixteen (16) plants species belonging to sixteen (16) genus and eleven (11) families were identified. The most species cited were Sida rhombifolia (18%), Cyathula prostrata (12%), Desmodium adscendens (12%), andPsidium guineense (12%). Those with the lowest frequencies were among others Picralima nitida (6%) and Santiria trimera (6%). The most represented families are Malvaceae (25%), Apocynaceae (12.5%) and Fabaceae (12.5%). The plants inventoried are mainly woody (81%) trunk bark (56%) and leaves (37%) are the most used plant parts. Twenty-two (22) recipes have been described, of which 77% contain a single plant and 23% are mixture.

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The present study was carried out to identify chemical groups, measure polyphenols and total flavonoids, and evaluate the anti-free radical activity of the methanolic extract of the trunk bark of Lannea welwitschii who is a plant currently used to treat various diseases in the gabonese pharmacopoeia so as respiratory tract infections. The phytochemical screening was carried out on the methanolic (maceration) extract using standard laboratory methods. Total polyphenols and total flavonoids were measured by spectrophotometric assay while anti-free radical activity was assessed by ABTS method. The Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of polyphenols, tannin, flavonoids, alkaloids, reducing compounds, terpenes and coumarins. The determination of the total polyphenols of the methanolic extract from gallic acid showed a content of 598.18 ± 6.69 mg EAG/100 g of dry matter and the total flavonoids from quercetin showed a content of 91.71 ± 2.43 mg EQ/100 g of dry matter. Finally, the evaluation of the anti-free radical activity showed that the methanolic extract of the trunk bark of Lannea welwitschii has a weak free radical activity compared to that of gallic acid: IC50 are respectively 76.57 μg/ml and 0.47 μg/ml.

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