The constantly growing, broadly understood, construction industry requires the use of a large amount of aggregates. The construction of roads, motorways, railway lines and hydrotechnical structures requires the use of aggregates of high quality, which is primarily determined by mechanical properties. The basic parameters describing mechanical properties of aggregates are the Los Angeles (LA) fragmentation resistance coefficient and the Micro-Deval (MDE) abrasion resistance coefficient. The LA and MDE coefficients depend mainly on the type of rock and its physical and mechanical properties. This has been thoroughly researched and documented as evidenced by the abundant literature in the field. However, the correlation between LA and MDE coefficients still gives rise to extensive discussions and some concerns. A number of publications demonstrate dependencies for various types of aggregates. Therefore, research was undertaken to present statistical analysis for one type of aggregate and one geological area.This article presents the results of the fragmentation resistance test in the Los Angeles drum and the abrasion resistance test in the Micro-Deval drum of aggregates from Carpathian sandstone deposits. Aggregate samples were divided into three groups according to the location of the deposits and the tectonic unit from which they originated. The obtained results were subjected to static analysis to fit the best mathematical function describing the relationship between the two parameters.

Among the main directions of works on energy acquisition, there is the development and application of the technology of underground gasification of coal deposits (UCG). During the process of deposit burning and oxidation, there is also impact of temperatures exceeding 1000°C on rocks surrounding the deposit. As a result of subjecting carboniferous rocks to high temperatures for a prolonged period of time, their structure will change, which in turn will result in the change of their physical properties. Due to the project of underground coal gasification, as performed in Poland, laboratory tests are currently under way to a broad extent, including physical properties of carboniferous rocks subjected to high temperatures. The article presents results of laboratory tests of rocks surrounding the designed geo-reactor: changes to bulk density, specific density and porosity due to high temperature, and confronts the above results with the results of tests of thermal conductivity, specific heat and heat diffusivity (temperature conductivity) of the rocks. The mineralogical investigations were presented too.Keywords: structural rocks parameters, high temperature, thermal rocks parameters, rocks' kilning Jednym z głównych kierunków prac nad pozyskiwaniem energii jest opracowanie i zastosowanie technologii podziemnej gazyfikacji pokładów węgla. W czasie procesu spalania i utleniania pokładu dochodzi również do oddziaływania temperatur przekraczających 1000°C na skały otaczające pokład. W wyniku poddania skał karbońskich wysokim temperaturom przez dłuższy okres czasu będzie dochodzić do zmian ich struktury, co z kolei spowoduje zmiany ich właściwości fizycznych.Ze względu na realizowany w Polsce projekt podziemnego zgazowania węgla prowadzone są obecnie badania laboratoryjne w szerokim zakresie, m.in. właściwości fizycznych skał karbońskich poddanych wysokim temperaturom. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań laboratoryjnych skał otaczających projektowany georeaktor: zmian gęstości objętościowej, gęstości właściwej i porowatości na skutek wysokiej temperatury oraz skonfrontowano powyższe wyniki z wynikami badań przewodności cieplnej, pojemności cieplnej i dyfuzyjności cieplnej (przewodzenia temperatury) skał.Na podstawie opisu mineralogicznego skał przed wygrzaniem stwierdzono, że są to okruchowe skały osadowe z frakcją psamityczną. Szkielet ziarnowy jest zbudowany niemal wyłącznie z ziaren kwarcu, a podrzędnie w skałach występują muskowit, biotyt, skalenie i minerały ciężkie. Zawartość procentowa minerałów i spoiwa zmienia się w szerokim zakresie: ziaren mineralnych od 10,3% do 90,0%, a spoiwa od 10,0% do 89,7%. Po przepaleniu skał do temperatury 1000÷1200°C zmniejsza się w nich zawartość matrix, a wzrasta zawartość kwarcu. Pojawiają się także nowe minerały, takie jak hematyt i minerały rudne. Po ogrzaniu nie stwierdzono cementu węglanowego, opali, tlenowodorków żelaza, kalcytu, hornblendy i porów. Proporcja pomiędzy ziarnami a spoiwem ulega zupełnej zmianie i ziarna stanowią 31-99% objętości, a spoiwo -1-69%.Wpływ wysok...

One of the most important elements of road construction is its substructure, which constitutes the base on which the next layers of road are placed. Mixture of crushed-stone aggregate is very often used as material for substructure. The most frequently used type of aggregate is magma rocks, due to its good physical-mechanical properties. However, it is not always available, so it is substituted by sandstone or even concrete rubble aggregates. The bearing ratio CBR is a parameter determining the suitability of a certain aggregate for road substructure. It is also one of the most popular quality tests of aggregate as it does not require complex apparatus. This paper analyses the results of physical and geotechnical tests with particular focus on CBR bearing ratio of crushed aggregates and their application as substructure for road construction. There has also been an attempt to find the correlation between CBR bearing ratio and other physical and geometrical properties.

The opoka-rock belongs to the silica-carbonate rocks commonly used in historical building. The research material in the form of rock fragments was taken from historical objects located in central Poland in Kazimierz Dolny on the Vistula river. In 8 time fractions according to NEN 7375: 2004 norm, the leachability of the main elements from the beryllium group considered as environmental indicators of building materials enriched with carbonate components was determined. After the application of the ICP sequential plasma-emission spectrometer according to the PN-EN ISO 11885 norm, the concentration of Ba, Mg, Sr, Zn, Mn was determined in the water eluates. In addition, physical and mechanical properties such as: open and total porosity, compressive strength in air-dry state, bulk density and specific density; were determined in accordance with the applicable standards. The results of the conducted research allowed finding that the number of leachabilities of the examined elements in decreasing succession were as follows: Mg > Sr > Zn > Ba > Mn. The highest leachability from the selected elements was found for Mg, which ranged from 0.22 to 1.14 ppm.

The paper evaluates the effectiveness of reinforcing a damaged earth structure with making counterfort drains in its slope. The system of counterfort drains changed the soil properties significantly over a long-term use. The evaluation was based on many years of field and laboratory tests and stability analysis. The field tests concerned the observation of N WST probing resistance change, and the laboratory tests concerned the change in soil consistency and water content. The paper presents the results of tests that were conducted over 13 years.