ObjectiveThis study assessed whether children clinically referred for gender dysphoria (GD) show symptoms that overlap with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Circumscribed preoccupations/intense interests and repetitive behaviors were considered as overlapping symptoms expressed in both GD and ASD.MethodsTo assess these constructs, we examined Items 9 and 66 on the Teacher’s Report Form (TRF), which measure obsessions and compulsions, respectively.ResultsFor Item 9, gender-referred children (n = 386) were significantly elevated compared to the referred (n = 965) and non-referred children (n = 965) from the TRF standardization sample. For Item 66, gender-referred children were elevated in comparison to the non-referred children, but not the referred children.ConclusionsThese findings provided cross-validation of a previous study in which the same patterns were found using the Child Behavior Checklist (Vanderlaan et al. in J Sex Res 52:213–19, 2015). We discuss possible developmental pathways between GD and ASD, including a consideration of the principle of equifinality.

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cancer is infrequent, corresponding to 1-2% of all female genital tract cancer diagnoses. Treatment for vaginal cancer varies depending on tumor histology, size, location, and staging and may include one or more of the following: surgical excision, radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. All treatments negatively affect fertility/pregnancy outcomes. Pelvic radiation therapy, even in doses < 2 Gy, may extinguish up to 50% of immature oocytes. In addition, radiotherapymay cause modifications in cervical length, loss of uterine junctional zone anatomy and lead to myometrial atrophy and fibrosis, increasing the risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods We reviewed the medical charts of a patient who carried a pregnancy to term after surgery and brachytherapy for vaginal cancer. Results A 28 year-old woman, presented with a 3 cm right vaginal wall tumor, diagnosed as grade 3, vaginal squamous cell carcinoma -FIGO 2009, stage IB. Computed tomography showed no evidence of lymph node spread or distant metastasis. The patient underwent surgery followed by 4 sessions of vaginal brachytherapy totaling a dose of 6 Gy at a 5 mm depth. One year and 9 months after treatment, the patient gave birth to a healthy child at 40 weeks. A C-section was needed due functional dystocia during labor. Conclusions This is the first case report of a successful pregnancy carried to term after surgery and brachytherapy for vaginal cancer.

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