Children with AN can have associated cochlear nerve deficiency. These patients have worse speech perception scores at 1 year post cochlear implantation, higher rates of abnormal EABR, and more associated inner ear abnormalities than children with AN and normal cochlear nerves.

Recovery-related outcomes for IT were superior to TT (secondary hemorrhage rate, number of days until pain free) in a pediatric population with obstructive symptoms (level-1 evidence).

MRI scanning without magnet removal is safe and well tolerated in NF2 patients with auditory implants. With appropriate MRI sequences, the image quality is not significantly impaired.

Objective: To provide recommendations to otolaryngologists and allied physicians for the comprehensive management of children who present with signs and symptoms of congenital cholesteatoma. Methods: A two-iterative Delphi method questionnaire was used to establish expert recommendations by the members of the International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group, on the preoperative work-up, the perioperative considerations, and follow-up. Results: Twenty-two members completed the survey, in 14 tertiary-care center departments representing 5 countries. The main consensual recommendations were: a precise otoscopic description of the quadrants involved, extensive audiological workup (bilateral tonal, vocal audiometry, and BERA), and a CT scan are required. Facial nerve monitoring and a combination of microscope and telescope are recommended for surgical removal. Clinical and audiological follow-up should be pursued yearly for at least 5 years. First MRI follow-up should be done at 18 months postoperatively if the removal violated the matrix. MRI follow-up duration depends on the initial extent of the cholesteatoma. Conclusion: The goal of preoperative and follow-up consensus from International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group participants is to help manage infants and children with congenital cholesteatoma. The operative techniques may vary, and experienced surgeons must perform these procedures.

The symptoms of 128 consecutive patients (mean age 65 years) with benign prostatic hypertrophy were assessed and compared with flowmetry recordings. The 84 patients (65%) with peak flow rates greater than or equal to 2 standard deviations from the mean were considered to have abnormal flowmetry and their symptoms were compared with those of the 44 men with normal peak flows. No significant correlation between peak flow rate and age was found within this group. Symptoms of poor stream, nocturia, post-micturition dribble and nocturnal or full-bladder hesitancy were present in over two-thirds of the whole series. Poor stream, hesitancy and nocturnal or full-bladder hesitancy were found to have significant associations with abnormal flowmetry recordings but also to have a high incidence within the normal flowmetry group. Discriminant analysis was unable to define a symptom complex which would accurately predict those within our group with abnormal peak flows. It was concluded that symptomatology and flowmetry evidence of lower urinary tract obstruction are not associated and subjective and objective evidence must be considered independently in selecting candidates for prostatectomy.