Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a disease of unknown cause that may involve one or many organ or systems. Skin involvement is a major feature in this disease, and a wide variety of skin conditions may be present. Lupus erythematosus panniculitis (LEP) constitutes a rare form of cutaneous lupus characterized by recurrent nodular or plaque lesions that can vary from a benign and mild course to a more disfiguring disease. Initial therapy includes corticosteroids, antimalarials, and azathioprine and, in refractory cases, two antimalarials in association, mycophenolate mofetil, or other immunomodulators. Intravenous immuglobulin (IVIG) is used in many autoimmune disorders, like in SLE, although clinical trials have not yet taken place. In this report, we review skin manifestations of SLE and their treatment, IVIG, and finally a case of LEP successfully treated with IVIG when other therapy modalities failed.
Hemichorea-hemiballism associated with hyperglycemia is a syndrome characterized by a sudden occurrence of hemichorea, or its more severe expression hemiballism, in patients with non-ketotic hyperglycemia. Hemichorea-hemiballism tends to occur more commonly among elderly people and women of Asian origin. The authors present two rare cases of patients who manifested choreiform and ballistic movements of the limbs and concomitant non-ketotic hyperglycemia. Radiological findings were congruent with hyperglycemia etiology. These cases show that it is important to be aware of hemichorea-hemiballism associated with hyperglycemia, as there is a possible treatment and, if detected early on, a direct impact on prognosis.
The Portuguese Menopause Rating Scale has been shown to be a valid and reliable questionnaire for assessing the severity of menopausal symptoms and discriminating among postmenopausal women with and without anxiety and depression.
Introdução: Literacia em saúde é um tema de popularidade crescente face à relevância e impacto que tem nos re- sultados clínicos. Existem diversas ferramentas de avaliação de literacia em saúde sendo o European Health Literacy Sur- vey Questionnaire (HLS-EU) o mais recentemente aplicado e validado. Graus de literacia consideradas problemáticas ou insuficientes estão associadas a incidência e gravidade pior de doenças, taxas de hospitalização e morbi-mortalidade superior. O objetivo foi aferir o grau de literacia em saúde relativamente aos cuidados de saúde.Material e Métodos: Aplicação da versão portuguesa do questionário HLS-EU (HLS-PT) aos doentes internados ao cuidado da medicina interna. Incluídos todos os doentes internados ao cuidado da medicina interna, tendo-se excluído de doentes cognitivamente e clinicamente incapazes de responder ao questionário. Resultados: Foram inquiridos 64 doentes. A amostra era maioritariamente do sexo masculino (57%) com média de idade 71 anos, reformado (71,8%) e com grau de escolaridade baixa (56,2% com formação académica até 1o ciclo). A maioria (68,7%) tinha grau de literacia em saúde problemática ou insuficiente quanto aos cuidados de saúde. Conclusão: Apesar de se reconhecer que, tanto o ambiente da aplicação do questionário como as características demográficas deste estudo serem diferentes do estudo nacional e europeu, revela-se um resultado preocupante da literacia em saúde de indivíduos hospitalizados com doenças crónicas.
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