POSTERSspecific antibodies. ABRs on NMMII-A mutants were performed at various frequencies.Results: In WT mice, NMMII isoforms localize to the apical junction between hair and supporting cells. In eGFP-NMMII-A-or -B mice, NMMII isoform antibodies show a similar pattern of distribution, but are potentially expressed at different amounts. At the adhesion belt, the isoforms take on a "sarcomericlike" pattern. NMMII inhibition results in variability of hair cell shape. In NMMII-C KO mice, NMMII-A demonstrates a new distribution and NMMII-B is upregulated. ABRs reveal an absence of hearing loss in NMMII-A D1424N and R702C mutant mice compared to controls.Conclusion: NMMII has a previously unrecognized "sarcomericlike" pattern of organization, compatible with a contractile structure. Absence of hearing loss in NMMII-A mutants indicates that hearing loss may require a secondary insult, and isoforms have potential for compensation and overlap in function, which may also mitigate hearing loss. Method: The 3D Cone-beam CT images of the 12 patients with Ménière diseases who underwent an endolymphatic mastoid shunt operation between 2008 and 2011 were obtained at our hospital. We assessed location, size, and shape of the ELS. The results of preoperative assessments were compared with the operational findings. Otology/NeurotologyResults: First we present clear and sharp 3D pictures of ELS and the semicircular canal using volume rendering incomparable to conventional CT. In 11 patients, the ELS was located exactly along the Donaldson line. In one patient, it was located inferiorly to the line. Size of the ELS was moderate in 6 patients, small in 5, and exceedingly small in 1. Cross section of the sac was circular in 3 patients, oval and flat in 8, and unverified in 1 because the size was too small. The above findings agree with the operational findings closely. Conclusion:In 3D Cone-beam CT, we could get more informative and better quality images than in conventional CT. Thanks to the preoperative realistic 3D images of ELS and the semicircular canal, we could perform the sac operation more safely and easily. Imaging information thus obtained may help deepen the understanding of Ménière's disease. Otology/Neurotology Method:We conducted an endoscopic dissection of 5 human temporal bones. The dissections were performed using traditional ear surgery instruments and sinonasal endoscopes. Two different endoscopic pictures of the same anatomical image were taken and merged using a computer program to generate stereoscopic anaglyphic images. Results:We were able to generate excellent quality stereoscopic 3D endoscopic images of the anatomy of the middle ear. Conclusion:Endoscopic middle ear surgery is becoming more popular. However there are still several limitations, such as the lack of specialized instruments and anatomical studies. We got excellent 3D pictures of the endoscopic anatomy of the middle ear, which can be used to help guide surgeons during procedures. Otology/Neurotology Enlarged Vestibular Aqueducts from Autosomal R...

Patients complaining of dizziness or vertigo may present to a variety of specialties before a diagnosis is made. The Guy's multidisciplinary balance one-stop clinic consists of two ear nose and throat consultants, three audiologists, and three vestibular physiotherapists. Patients are assessed by a vestibular physiotherapist and a full audiovestibular assessment performed. Patients are then discussed at a multidisciplinary team meeting. A diagnosis is made and treatment arranged. We report the diagnostic spread of patients attending this service in 2009. METHOD: The records of all patients seen in the Guy's balance clinic were reviewed and their diagnoses recorded. RESULTS: 308 new patients were assessed by this service during 2009. Diagnoses include unilateral peripheral vestibular deficit (101), benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (50), multilevel vestibulopathy (38), vertiginous migraine (34), central (17), Ménière's disease (12), other otological pathology (11), psychogenic (10), drug induced (6), systemic (5), post-operative (3), cervicogenic (2), cardiac (2), other (17). CONCLUSION: This one-stop service provides an efficient, thorough vestibular assessment and management pathway. The relative spread of diagnoses is similar to those found in other units and we would recommend this model to other units.

and 22 PORP tymapanoplasty (PORPT) cases were studied. Age and sex distribution, success rate of hearing improvement, mean of postoperative air-bone gap, and rate of middle ear adhesion were analysed according to the type of surgery. RESULTS: At three months after surgery, success rates of hearing improvement were 37.0%, 51.4%, and 57.1% for CT-TIII, SCT, and PORPT, respectively. Means of postoperative ABG in the above listed order were 25.1dB, 19.4dB, and 17.2dB, respectively. Hearing results were statistically better in POPRT when compared with other groups. At one year after surgery, success rates of hearing improvement were 21.1%, 35.5%, and 64.7% in CTTIII, SCT, and PORPT, respectively. Means of postoperative ABG in the above listed order were 29.1%, 20.3dB, and 16.7dB, respectively. Hearing results were statistically better in PORPT compared with other groups. Rates of middle ear adhesion were 23.1%, 54.5% in CTTIII, tympanoplasty using strut, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In cases with intact stapes in CWD tympanoplasty, it was concluded that tympanoplasty using strut is more useful for hearing improvement and prevention of middle ear adhesion than classical tympanoplasty type III; for the strut material, PORP was more effective than autologous materials.

No abstract

to define the accessibility of a contralateral approach to lateral frontal sinus disease via a MEHLP and begin to provide estimates as to which patients may benefit from such an approach. Further study would be required to compare the potential morbidity and efficacy of this approach compared to more traditional endoscopic frontal sinus procedures. Endoscopic Management of Cervical Spine Giant Cell Tumor Joao-Flavio Nogueira, MD (presenter); Daniel Cruz, MD OBJECTIVE: To present an extremely rare case of cervical giant cell tumor in which an endoscopic trans-oral/trans-nasal management was performed with an anterior approach successfully removing the tumor, discussing the feasibility and pitfalls of this procedure at cervical region. METHOD: Case report. RESULTS: Case was operated with a multidisciplinary team including an ENT, neurosurgery and other medical staff. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic resection of large giant cell cervical spine tumors is feasible, though very difficult, since it requires advanced endoscopic skills. The total spondylectomy of cervical spine can be performed successfully. However the profound understanding of complex cervical anatomy and the great care for the vertebral artery are essential for this surgical procedure.