No abstract

O quadro legal angolano para o subsistema de ensino superior cresceu significativamente desde 2009, um crescimento que tem estado a visar o aumento da transparência e da qualidade dos processos educacionais nas instituições de ensino superior (IES) angolanas. Entretanto, a qualidade do ensino superior em Angola não sofreu melhorias significativas por não se estar a cumprir escrupulosamente com o quadro legal de forma sistemática, o que tem resultado em encerramentos de cursos e instituições do ensino superior. Este artigo tem como objetivo principal desenvolver um instrumento de auto- monitorização da conformidade legal que pode ajudar as IES angolanas a tirarem mais proveito do quadro legal do ensino superior. Por intermédio de um levantamento bibliográfico das leis relevantes ao ensino superior em Angola, a identificação de obrigações legais nestas e o desenvolvimento de uma série de tabelas de verificação de conformidade, este estudo apresenta uma checklist de auto verificação da conformidade entre o funcionamento das instituições do ensino superior e o quadro legal relevante ao ensino superior em Angola. Pela utilização deste instrumento, foi possível dissecar as obrigações legais em requisitos ou critérios. Foi também possível estabelecer três graus de conformidade legal, nomeadamente: total, parcial e nenhuma. Notou-se, de igual forma, a existência de um total de 83 obrigações legais das instituições do ensino superior em Angola, sendo os regulamentos e as normas as fontes do maior número de obrigações. Destes, existem entre cinco a quinze requisitos legais por obrigação, perfazendo um volume enorme de requisitos legais com os quais as IES em Angola devem mostrar conformidade legal. A aplicação da checklist permite a gestão desse leque diverso e numeroso de requisitos específicos legais. São sugeridas várias medidas complementares ao quadro legal que devem ser implementadas em Angola com o intuito de se criar uma cultura de conformidade legal no ensino superior, promovendo-se, deste modo, a sua qualidade.

a b s t r a c tThis study examines the context of coordinated responses, triggers for coordinated responses, and preference for or choice of coordinating strategies in road traffic injury prevention at a local level in some OECD countries. This aim is achieved through a mixed-methodology. In this respect, 22 semi-structured interviews were conducted with road traffic injury prevention experts from five OECD countries. In addition, 31 professional road traffic injury prevention stakeholders from seven OECD nations completed a self-administered, online survey. It found that there was resource limitation and inter-dependence across actors within the context of road traffic injury prevention at a local level. Furthermore, this study unveiled the realization of resource-dependency as a trigger for coordinated responses at a local level. Moreover, the present examination has revealed two coordinating strategies favored by experts in road traffic injury prevention -i.e. self-organizing community groups, which are deemed to have a platform to deliver programs within communities, and the funding of community groups to forge partnerships. However, the present study did not appear to endorse other strategies such as the formalization of coordinated responses or a legal mandate to coordinate responses.In essence, this study appears to suggest a need to manage coordinated responses from an adaptive perspective with interactions across road traffic injury prevention programs being forged on a mutual understanding of inter-dependency arising out of resource scarcity. In fact, the role of legislation and top-down national models in local level management of coordinated responses is likely to be one of identifying opportunities to interact with self-organized community groups and fund partnership-based road traffic injury prevention events.

Coordinated road safety countermeasures (responses) are a more effective way to reduce road traffic injuries than isolated action. However, the evidence in road safety literature appears to suggest that very little is known about the emergence or nature of coordinated road safety responses at a local level. In order to bridge this knowledge gap, the current research program developed conceptual tools through two theories (Policy Integration and the Dynamic Systems Theory) and four research objectives applied, predominantly, to the Australian road safety context. These To address RO1, two research chapters (Chapters 6 and 7) and a set of data analyses (Chapter 8) were employed. The first research paper (Chapter 6) addressed RO1 by investigating the public attitudes in Australia to road safety as a feature of the policy context in which coordinated road safety countermeasures could emerge.The analyses of the public attitudes (Chapter 6) contributed to the development of the descriptive model. It added a feature to one of the facets of the model -i.e. the need for community buy-in. This chapter resulted in two continua (the first set of conceptual tools) for the measurement of community support for road safety countermeasures.iv Chapter 7 contributed to RO1 by unveiling a wide range of variables related to the emergence of coordinated road safety countermeasures. These variables included triggers, context, facilitative activities and workflow models at a local level. This chapter allowed the nature of coordinated road safety strategies at a local level to be viewed as adaptive, with a system-orientation and independent yet inter-related networks of autonomous stakeholders. The workflows employed by these stakeholders to engender linked road safety programs were distributed (projectspecific). In this predominantly Australian context of inter-dependences across road safety actors, the evaluation of coordinated responses was both informal and perceptual (realist) in nature.Chapter 8 unveiled a depiction of the descriptive model (an additional conceptual tool) of the coordinated road safety responses adopted in Australia and some OECD countries. This model featured a phenomenon (a coordinated road safety response), its facets (actors, actions and context) and contributing factors (distal and proximal). The phenomenon was said to be activated by a wide range of triggers, although a unified consciousness to work together appeared to be the primary motivation. This trigger for coordinated work patterns amongst road safety stakeholders in Australia and some OECD countries was found to emerge as a result of the realization of inter-dependence across road safety actors and the existence of resilient cooperation across stakeholders. This inter-dependence was revealed to be associated with both resource scarcity and the realization that road traffic trauma in Australia and some OECD countries was a problem too big for a single stakeholder to tackle. In this sense, the need to develop clarity around priorities and emerg...