Yeasts are unicellular fungi widespread in the environment, and studies suggest that there is a positive correlation between yeast and polluted aquatic environments. The aim of this study was to analyze the diversity and resistance of yeasts isolated from water samples collected along the Arroio Dilúvio in Porto Alegre to antifungals. Yeast isolates from the Arroio Dilúvio were subjected to susceptibility assays against antifungals using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test, and amplification of the ITS1-5.8S-IT2 region; in addition, the ITS-5.8S region was sequenced for some of the isolates. The amplification product was subjected to PCR-RFLP, and the restriction profile allowed the construction of a dendrogram. Susceptibility tests showed a high prevalence of resistance to azole antifungals, where 16.8% of the isolates had a resistance profile to amphotericin B. The sequence analysis allowed the identification of Candida species, including potentially pathogenic species, and species of the Debaryomyces spp. The resistance to antifungals in yeasts isolated from Arroio Dilúvio reinforces the importance of studies of environmental microbiota, and indicates that environmental degradation influences the phenotype displayed.

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We have sequenced the whole genome of Streptomyces sp. 6(4) isolated from tomato roots that presents antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi, mainly against Bipolaris sorokiniana . The genome has almost 7 Mb and 3,368 hypothetical proteins that were analyzed and characterized in Uniprot with emphasize in biological compounds. MLST analysis were performed in effort to characterize and identify this isolate, resulting in a new ST, classified as ST64. Phenetic and phylogenetic trees were constructed to investigate Streptomyces sp. 6(4) evolution and sequence similarity, and the isolate is a strain closer to Streptomyces prasinus and Streptomyces viridosporus . It is known that Streptomyces genera comprises a huge metabolism capacity with the presence of cryptic genes. These genes are usually present in clusters who are responsible for production of a high diversity of natural products, mainly antibiotics. In addition, 6(4) showed 11 biosynthetic gene cluster through antiSMASH, including 3 clusters PKS and NRPS type.

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