The suitability for pharmaceutical and cosmetic application of fourteen clay samples, eight raw and six commercialized samples, from Minas Gerais and São Paulo states, Brazil, were evaluated and their mineralogy, chemical and radiological composition were determined. Results indicated that the samples are composed mainly of quartz, kaolinite and feldspar, enriched in Al 2 O 3 and TiO 2 , Cd, Cs, Sb, Se, Th, and U and depleted in SiO 2 , MgO, P 2 O 5 , and Ca. Concentrations found are unlikely to present any harm in topical applications, and all the radiological parameters were below the global average or the established limits.
Resumo MARTINS, J. P. M. Triagem virtual de inibidores da enzima di-hidrofolato redutase de Schistosoma mansoni (SmDHFR). 2017. 92f. Dissertação (Mestrado) -Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2017 A esquistossomose é uma das principais causas de morbidade em países Tropicais e Subtropicais, gerando graves consequências socioeconômicas. Atualmente, os fármacos disponíveis para o tratamento da desta doença são praziquantel e oxamniquina, porém relatos de baixa susceptibilidade do parasita a esses medicamentos sugerem a necessidade de novas estratégias terapêuticas para o tratamento da doença. Todavia, existe pouco interesse da indústria farmacêutica no desenvolvimento de fármacos contra doenças tropicais e negligenciadas, entre as quais se encontra a esquistossomose. Devido a estes fatores, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo geral utilizar ferramentas computacionais para identificar inibidores da SmDHFR candidatos a novos fármacos. Avaliou-se as características exclusivas para a proteína de S. mansoni por meio de uma análise das sequências FASTA em comparação com a DHFR de outros organismos. A fim de garantir a ação seletiva dessas moléculas frente a enzima do parasita, os campos moleculares de interação seletivos para SmDHFR foram calculados e empregados na construção do modelo farmacofórico, o qual foi utilizado na triagem virtual de inibidores de SmDHFR. Os estudos computacionais realizados nos permitiram a seleção de 20 moléculas com uma boa complementariedade com o modelo farmacofórico gerado e com potencial para serem inibidores de SmDHFR. Palavras chaves: Planejamento de Fármacos Baseado na Estrutura do Receptor (SBDD); GRID/PCA; Acoplamento Molecular; Di-hidrofolato Redutase; Schistosoma mansoni. ABSTRACT MARTINS, J. P. M. Virtual screening of dihydrofolate reductase Schistosoma mansoni (SmDHFR) enzyme inhibitors. 2017. 92f. Dissertação (Mestrado) -Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2017Schistosomiasis is one of morbidity's main causes in tropical and subtropical countries, which leads to serious socioeconomic consequences. Praziquantel and oxamniquina are the drugs currently available for treating this disease, but reports points that the parasite has been resistant to both drugs, which suggests the need for new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of this disease. However, there is little interest in the pharmaceutical industry in developing drugs against neglected tropical diseases, including schistosomiasis. Due to these factors, the present work has the general objective to use computational tools to identify SmDHFR inhibitors which could be good candidates for developing new drugs. Evaluation of the exclusive characteristics of the S. mansoni protein were performed by FASTA sequence analyses in comparison to DHFR from other organisms. In order to guarantee the selective action of these molecules against the parasite enzyme, the molecular interaction fields selective for SmDHFR were calculated and used in the constru...
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