In this paper the transverse and longitudinal dielectric tensor elements are evaluated for radio-frequency waves in an axisymmetric tokamak with circular magnetic surfaces, without the smallness assumption of the inverse aspect ratio and poloidal magnetic field. A collisionless plasma model is considered. The Vlasov equation is solved separately for untrapped and trapped particles as a boundary-value problem. The cyclotron and bounce resonances are accounted. The coordinate system with the 'straight' magnetic field lines was used. The separate contributions of untrapped and trapped particles to the dielectric tensor components are expressed by the summation of bounce resonant terms, which include the double integration in velocity space, the resonant denominators, the phase coefficients, the standard elementary and elliptic functions. The permittivity elements presented in the paper are suitable to analyse the spatial structure of the electromagnetic fields and their interaction with charged particles (e.g. during the plasma heating and current drive generation) in the frequency range of Alfvén, fast magnetosonic, ion-cyclotron and lower hybrid waves, for both the low and large aspect ratio tokamaks.
Longitudinal dielectric permittivity elements are derived for radio-frequency waves in an axisymmetric tokamak with elliptic magnetic surfaces, for arbitrary elongation and inverse aspect ratio. A collisionless plasma model is considered. Drift-kinetic equation is solved separately for untrapped (passing or circulating) and three groups of the trapped particles as a boundary-value problem. Bounce resonances are taken into account. A coordinate system with the “straight” magnetic field lines is used. Permittivity elements, evaluated in the paper, are suitable to estimate the wave dissipation by electron Landau damping (e.g., during the plasma heating and current drive generation) in the frequency range of Alfvén, fast magnetosonic, and lower hybrid waves, for both the large and low aspect ratio tokamaks. The dissipated wave power is expressed by the summation of terms including the imaginary parts of both the diagonal and nondiagonal elements of the longitudinal permittivity.
The study was carried out to verify if there are differences in foraging frequency and behavior of Apis mellifera in two melon hybrids (10:00 -'Yellow melon' and Sancho -'Piel de Sapo') in the municipality of Juazeiro, state of Bahia, Brazil. The frequency, behavior of visitors and the floral resource foraged were registered from 5:00 am to 6:00 pm. There was a significant difference in the frequency of visits when comparing hydrids (F = 103.74, p <0.0001), floral type (F = 47.25, p <0.0001) and resource foraged (F = 239.14, p <0.0001). The flowers of Sancho were more attractive to A. mellifera when compared with hybrid 10:00, which may be correlated to the morphology and floral resources available. This could be solved with scaled planting, avoiding the overlapping of flowering of both types.
Parallel permittivity elements are derived for radio-frequency waves in an axisymmetric tokamak with D-shaped transverse cross-sections of the magnetic surfaces under arbitrary aspect ratio, arbitrary elongation and small triangularity. The drift-kinetic equation is solved separately for untrapped (passing or circulating) and four groups of the trapped particles as a boundaryvalue problem. Periodicity of the perturbed distribution function over the poloidal angle is used for the untrapped particles, whereas the continuity of the perturbed distribution function at the reflection points (where the parallel velocity is equal to zero) is used for the trapped particles. The bounce resonances are taken into account. A coordinate system with the 'straight' magnetic field lines is used. The dielectric permittivity elements, evaluated in the paper, are suitable to estimate the wave dissipation by electron Landau damping (e.g. during the plasma heating and current drive generation) in the frequency range of Alfvén and fast magnetosonic waves, for both the large and low aspect ratio tokamaks with circular, elliptic and D-shaped magnetic surfaces. The dissipated wave power is expressed by the summation of terms including the imaginary parts of both the diagonal and non-diagonal elements of the parallel permittivity. Contributions of the trapped and untrapped electrons to the imaginary part of the parallel permittivity elements have been estimated numerically for typical low aspect ratio tokamak parameters.
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