The three economic injury levels and the sequential sampling plans generated in the present study can be incorporated into integrated pest management programmes for watermelon crops because these plans provide a rapid and adequate control decision for F. schultzei. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

The sampling plan determined in this study can be adopted by farmers because it enables the adequate evaluation of B. tabaci populations in watermelon fields (10% maximum evaluation error) and is a low-cost (US$ 2.22 per sampling), fast (56 min per sampling) and feasible (because it may be used in a standardized way throughout the crop cycle) technique. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.

Genótipos de feijão respondem ao nitrogênio de forma diferenciada, de acordo com a disponibilidade deste nutriente. Assim, objetivou-se, com este trabalho, selecionar genótipos de feijoeiro, quanto à eficiência e resposta à absorção de nitrogênio. Os tratamentos envolveram doze genótipos cultivados em dois ambientes distintos, um simulando baixo nível (20 kg ha-1) e outro alto nível (120 kg ha-1) de nitrogênio. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos completos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Foram avaliados a produtividade de grãos, para classificação das cultivares quanto à eficiência no uso e resposta à aplicação de nitrogênio, e índices de clorofila, com o uso de clorofilômetro. Os genótipos de feijão BRS-Grafite e Princesa foram eficientes, quanto à utilização da adubação nitrogenada, e responsivos à aplicação de nitrogênio. Plantas de feijoeiro conduzidas com adequado suprimento de nitrogênio apresentaram maiores índices de clorofila (a, b e total).

No abstract

Spatiotemporal dynamics studies of crop pests enable the determination of the colonization pattern and dispersion of these insects in the landscape. Geostatistics is an efficient tool for these studies: to determine the spatial distribution pattern of the pest in the crops and to make maps that represent this situation. Analysis of these maps across the development of plants can be used as a tool in precision agriculture programs. Watermelon, Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai (Cucurbitales: Cucurbitaceae), is the second most consumed fruit in the world, and the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is one of the most important pests of this crop. Thus, the objective of this work was to determine the spatiotemporal distribution of B. tabaci in commercial watermelon crops using geostatistics. For 2 yr, we monitored adult whitefly densities in eight watermelon crops in a tropical climate region. The location of the samples and other crops in the landscape was georeferenced. Experimental data were submitted to geostatistical analysis. The colonization of B. tabaci had two patterns. In the first, the colonization started at the outermost parts of the crop. In the second, the insects occupied the whole area of the crop since the beginning of cultivation. The maximum distance between sites of watermelon crops in which spatial dependence of B. tabaci densities was observed was 19.69 m. The adult B. tabaci densities in the eight watermelon fields were positively correlated with rainfall and relative humidity, whereas wind speed negatively affected whiteflies population.