Ecological niche and species distribution models are of great importance, since their results allow for an understanding of many aspects related to the biology of the species under study, even understanding their evolutionary relationships or their response to past or future projections. In this research, climatic surfaces were produced from ground-based meteorological stations in the departments of Arequipa, Moquegua and Tacna. Temperature and precipitation data from 119 stations were obtained and homogenized; then, using geographic and orographic covariates, models were prepared so as to obtain maximum and minimum temperature and precipitation surfaces. The produced surfaces were evaluated by cross validation and compared to other models in the area. Finally, 19 bioclimatic surfaces were created. The results show general patterns for temperature and precipitation, with some particulars. Twelve layers were produced for maximum temperature, minimum temperature and precipitation, respectively, showing acceptable values for RMSEcv and MAD. Comparison with other models shows statistically significant differences. Both the climatic and bioclimatic surfaces produced were placed in a database for free access. Finally, comments are made on the importance and applications of the bioclimatic layers produced here.

Ecological niche models have become exceptionally important, since their results allow to un-derstand many aspects related to the biology of the species being studied, even understanding its evolutionary relationships or their response to past or future projections. In this research, models were prepared to create climatic surfaces so as to produce bioclimatic layers based on the mete-orological data of the south of Peru. Temperature and precipitation data from 119 stations were obtained and homogenized. Then, using geographic and orographic covariates, models were prepared so as to obtain climatic surfaces of maximum and minimum temperature, and precipi-tation. The produced layers were evaluated through root-mean-square deviation (RMSD), mean absolute deviation of error (MAD) and goodness of fit (R2), and they were compared to other models for the area. Finally, the 19 bioclimatic surfaces were created. The results show general patterns for temperature and precipitation, some of them being particular. The climatic layers produced showed acceptable values for RMSD, MAD and R2. Comparison with other models shows statistically significant differences. Both the climatic and the produced bioclimatic surfaces were entered into a database for free access. Finally, comments are made on the importance and application of the bioclimatic layers produced here.