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Definite detection of MRSA is important for proper treatment. The purpose of the present study was to measure the validity of cefoxitin disc diffusion test for the detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from January 2010 to December 2010 for a period of one (01) year. S. aureus isolates were collected from different clinical samples including wound swab, pus, blood, urine, tracheal aspirate, throat swab, aural swab etc. Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) were isolated and confirmed by staining, biochemical tests. Routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed cefoxitin discs diffusion test. PCR was performed for detection of the mecA gene for MRSA. Out of the 22 suspected MRSA isolates 19 were mecA positive by PCR and all of them 19(100.0%) were resistant to cefoxitin disc diffusion. The comparison of oxacillin and cefoxitin resistance and presence of mecA gene by PCR showed that out of 22 suspected MRSA isolates 19 were mecA positive by PCR and all the 19 (100.0%) showed resistance to cefoxitin disc diffusion. The sensitivity and specificity of cefoxitin disc diffusion were 100.0% and 100.0% respectively. Cefoxitin disc diffusion test has high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of MRSA.

Background: Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are enzymes capable of hydrolyzing extended-spectrum cephalosporins, penicillins and monobactams but inactive against cephamycins and carbapenems. The ESBL-producing organisms are a breed of multidrug-resistant pathogens. Objectives: This study was aimed to determine the susceptibility pattern of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli to ciprofloxacin, amikacin and imipenem. Methods: A total of 75 ESBL-producing E. coli, were obtained from the tertiary care hospitals of Bangladesh and were studied for susceptibility pattern from October, 2010 to December, 2011. These isolates were identified by double disc synergy test (DDST) and were confirmed phenotypically as ESBL-producer by phenotypic confirmatory disc diffusion test (PCDDT). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ciprofloxacin, amikacin and imipenem among ESBL-producing E. coli were determined using agar dilution method. Results: Out of 75 DDST positive ESBL-producing E. coli, 71 (94.67%) were also positive by PCDDT. All ESBL-producing E. coli, were susceptible to imipenem. About 92.95% ESBL-producing E. coli were susceptible to amikacin but only 14.08% were susceptible to ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: In this study, ESBL-producing E. coli, showed high resistance to ciprofloxacin. Imipenem and amikacin were most effective against ESBL positive strains.

Background: Detection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus may vary in phenotypic and genotypic methods. Objective: The aim of this present study was to validate the oxacillin screen agar test for the detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical specimens. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was planned to carry out in the De

Faecal calprotectin (FC) is supposed to be a reliable biomarker that quantifies intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This cross sectional study was aimed to determine the role of FC level in screening of suspected IBD patients and monitoring treatment response. This study was conducted by measurement of FC using a commercially available ELISA kit among 50 patients with chronic diarrhea who underwent colonoscopic evaluation (25 IBD cases, 10 other organic bowel diseases and 15 disease control) and 12 healthy control. IBD patients were followed up after one month of medical treatment. FC level showed significantly higher value (p<0.001) among IBD patients (496.7±127.15µg/g) than those in disease control (82.17±75.64µg/g) and healthy control (27±18.2µg/g). Measurement of FC in diagnosing IBD revealed the sensitivity 100%, specificity 66%, PPV 83% and NPV 100%. The FC level decreased significantly (p<0.001) after one month of medical treatment of IBD patients (90±43µg/g) from pre treatment value (607.56±94µg/g). FC can be used as a reliable biomarker in screening of suspected IBD patients and to monitor treatment response.