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Data from population-based longitudinal studies required to assess the incidence of root caries and associated risk factors are sparse in the literature. To this end, a group of 130 middle-aged and older adults were examined for root caries at baseline and at a follow-up visit between nine and 24 months (median: 16 months). Dental examinations were conducted by one examiner at a Tufts dental clinic using NIDR defined diagnostic criteria. Fifty percent of subjects in this study population developed one or more new root caries lesions over the follow-up period. Also, an annualised increment of 0.60 (SD: 0.72) decayed and filled surfaces per person was observed for the 45-59 year old group while the 70+ group showed an annualised increment of 1.38 (SD: 1.97) DFS in this study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified past root caries experience, high plaque score, and high number of teeth (> = 22) to be positively associated with new root caries (p < 0.05).

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