Skyrmions hold promise for next-generation magnetic storage as their nanoscale dimensions may enable high information storage density and their low threshold for current-driven motion may enable ultra-low energy consumption. Skyrmion-hosting nanowires not only serve as a natural platform for magnetic racetrack memory devices but also stabilize skyrmions. Here we use the topological Hall effect (THE) to study phase stability and current-driven dynamics of skyrmions in MnSi nanowires. THE is observed in an extended magnetic field-temperature window (15–30 K), suggesting stabilization of skyrmions in nanowires compared with the bulk. Furthermore, we show in nanowires that under the high current density of 108–109 A m−2, the THE decreases with increasing current densities, which demonstrates the current-driven motion of skyrmions generating the emergent electric field in the extended skyrmion phase region. These results open up the exploration of skyrmions in nanowires for fundamental physics and magnetic storage technologies.

Topologically stable magnetic skyrmions realized in B20 metal silicide or germanide compounds with helimagnetic order are very promising for magnetic memory and logic devices. However, these applications are hindered because the skyrmions only survive in a small temperature-field (T-H) pocket near the critical temperature Tc in bulk materials. Here we demonstrate that the skyrmion state in helimagnetic MnSi nanowires with varied sizes from 400 to 250 nm can exist in a substantially extended T-H region. Magnetoresistance measurements under a moderate external magnetic field along the long axis of the nanowires (H∥) show transitions corresponding to the skyrmion state from Tc ∼32 K down to at least 3 K, the lowest temperature in our measurement. When the field is applied perpendicular to the wire axis (H⊥), the skyrmion state was not resolvable using the magnetoresistance measurements. Our analysis suggests that the shape-induced uniaxial anisotropy might be responsible for the stabilization of skyrmion state observed in nanowires.

We report the growth, structural, and electrical characterization of single-crystalline iron pyrite (FeS₂) nanorods, nanobelts, and nanoplates synthesized via sulfidation reaction with iron dichloride (FeCl₂) and iron dibromide (FeBr₂). The as-synthesized products were confirmed to be single-crystal phase pure cubic iron pyrite using powder X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. An intermediate reaction temperature of 425 °C or a high sulfur vapor pressure under high temperatures was found to be critical for the formation of phase pure pyrite. Field effect transport measurements showed that these pyrite nanostructures appear to behave as a moderately p-doped semiconductor with an average resistivity of 2.19 ± 1.21 Ω·cm, an improved hole mobility of 0.2 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹, and a lower carrier concentration on the order of 10¹⁸-10¹⁹ cm⁻³ compared with previous reported pyrite nanowires. Temperature-dependent electrical transport measurements reveal Mott variable range hopping transport in the temperature range 40-220 K and transport via thermal activation of carriers with an activation energy of 100 meV above room temperature (300-400 K). Most importantly, the transport properties of the pyrite nanodevices do not change if highly pure (99.999%) precursors are utilized, suggesting that the electrical transport is dominated by intrinsic defects in pyrite. These single-crystal pyrite nanostructures are nice platforms to further study the carrier conduction mechanisms, semiconductor defect physics, and surface properties in depth, toward improving the physical properties of pyrite for efficient solar energy conversion.

We report here the real-space observation of skyrmions and helical magnetic domains in a MnSi nanowire (NW) using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (LTEM). The MnSi NW was thinned to a rectangular cross-section by focused-ion beam milling to reduce obstructive Fresnel fringes. Helimagnetic domains, imaged as alternating bright and dark contrast stripes with an 18 nm period, were observed to be the spontaneous magnetic ground state at 6 K, while the hexagonal skyrmion lattice (SkX) with a domain diameter of 18 nm was observed under a normal magnetic field of 210 mT. Temperature-dependent measurements reveal that the SkX is stable over a larger range in this NW system (6-35 K) compared to the narrow temperature regime of skyrmion phase in bulk MnSi (26-30 K) and thin films of MnSi (5-23 K).

We report the synthesis, structural characterization, and magnetotransport of single-crystalline nanowires of manganese monosilicide, MnSi. Bulk MnSi has unusual magnetic orderings, helimagnetism, and skyrmions at ambient pressure, and high pressure studies have revealed partial magnetic ordering and non-Fermi liquid behavior. MnSi nanowires were synthesized using chemical vapor deposition of MnCl(2) onto silicon substrates. The morphology, structure, and composition of these nanowires were analyzed using electron microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy. The low-temperature magnetoresistance characteristics of MnSi nanowires reveal the first signature of helimagnetism in one-dimensional nanomaterials.