Generalized ¥ gradient approximations (GGA's) for the exchange-correlation energy improve upon the ¦ local spin density (LSD) description of atoms, molecules, and solids. We present a simple derivation § of a simple GGA, in which all parameters (other than those in LSD) are fundamental constants. Only general features of the detailed construction underlying the Perdew-Wang 1991 (PW91) © GGA are invoked. Improvements over PW91 include an accurate description of the linear response of the uniform electron gas, correct behavior under uniform scaling, and a smoother potential.

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