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were calculated and are shown in Table IV. The distribution coefficient of dibenzothiophene in the unoxidized oil extraction was the highest (5.1). After oxidation, hexyl sulfide was not present in the oxidized oil. The distribution coefficients of dibenzothiophene and phenyl disulfide in the extraction of oxidized oil were increased: from 5.1 to 11.2 for dibenzothiophene and from 1.8 to 4.5 for phenyl disulfide. As for the phenyl sulfide, the distribution coefficient in both extractions was relatively low. These results are consistent with the results described previously. ConclusionsOxidation of the Arabian AGO by nitrogen dioxide has converted the sulfur compounds of the oil to forms that are more polar in nature. These sulfur compounds are more readily extracted by polar solvents, such as lactone, that have been demonstrated to be aromatic/olefinic dissolving, thus resulting in higher sulfur removal, lower solvent-to-oil requirement, and hence, higher extraction This model employs lumping of the sulfur compounds in the oil into four groups, Si, S2, and S3, according to their retention times (hence, boiling points) in the gas chromatograph, and residue (R) containing some of the other three sulfur groups. The first group (Si) had a very fast reaction rate.

The deactivating effect of S02 on the reaction rate of the selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3 over a vanadia-alumina catalyst was examined. A two-parameter model developed in the companion paper (Nam, I.; Eldrldge, J. W.; Kittrell, J. R. Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev., preceding paper in this issue) was extended to the analysis of the deactivation data. The activation energies for both fresh and deactivated catalysts were similar. The sulfur content of the catalyst, as well as its surface area, appears to be a dominant deactivation parameter, analogous to coke-induced deactivation. Pore size distribution changes indicate that deactivation In this reaction system involves pore filling and plugging by the deactivating agent. That agent appears to be aluminum sulfate, on the basis of experimental results obtained from thermal gravimetric analyses. An empirical exponential dependence of catalyst activity on the catalyst sulfur content was observed for both primary reactions, NO reduction and NH3 oxidation.

The kinetics of iron-chromium-catalyzed selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3 in the presence of oxygen and water were studied. A CSTR was used with activated 430-SS catalytic screens attached to the rotating shaft. Reaction rates were measured as a function of concentrations of NO, NH3, 02, and H20 to examine plausible mechanisms. Adsorption of NO conformed to a Freundlich isotherm while ammonia adsorption followed by surface dissociation was modeled with a Langmuir isotherm. Oxygen was needed to regenerate active sites, which it is speculated are reduced by the hydrogen atoms from the ammonia dissociation in a redox mechanism. Water adsorbed competitively, thereby retarding the rate. Neither H2 nor N20 had a significant effect on the rate, while N02 appeared to produce some enhancement. A dual-site model with adsorption and dissociation of NH3, NO adsorption, lattice 02 replacement, and competitive water adsorption was used to describe the reaction rate data.

NH,, 7664-41-7; V, 7440-62-2; Cr, 7440-47-3; Fe, 7439-89-6. L i t e r a t u r e C i t e d Registry No. Bauerie, G. L.; Wu, S. C.; Nobe, K. Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1075, Chertov, V. M.; Okopnaya, N. T. Kinet. Katal. 1078, 19, 1595. Cole, D. J.; Cullis, C. F.; Hucknaii, D. J. J . Chem. SOC., Faraday Trans. Inornata, M.; Miyamoto, A.; Murakami, Y. Chem. Lett. 1078, 799. Inomata, M.; Miyamoto, A,; Murakami. Y. J . Catal. 1880, 62, 140. Inomata, M.; Miyamoto, A,; Murakami, Y. J. Phys. Chem. 1081, 85, 2372. Inomata, M.; Miyamoto, A.; UI, T.; Kobayashi, K.; Murakami, Y. Ind. Eng. Inomata, M.; Mori, K.; Miyamoto, A,; Ui, T.; Murakami, Y. J . Phys. Chem. Inomata, M.; Mori, K.; Miyamoto, A.; Murakami, Y. J . Phys. Chem. 1083b, Kasaoka, S.; Yamanaka, T. Nippon Kagaku Kaishl 1077, 6 , 907. Kato, A.; Matsuda, S.; Nakajima, F.; Inamari, M.; Watanabe, Y. J. Phys. Kato, A.; Matsuda, S.; Kamo, T. Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1083, Markvart, M.; Pour, V. C. J . Catal. 1087, 7 , 279. 14, 268. 1078, 72, 2185. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1982, 21, 424. 10838, 87, 754. 87, 761. Chem. 1081, 85, 1710. 22, 406. Matsuda, S.; Takeuchl, M.; Hishinuma, Y.; Nakajim, F.; Narita, T.; Watanabe, Miyamoto, A.; Yamazaki, Y.; Inomata, M.; Murakami, Y. J. Phys. Chem. Miyamoto, A.; Yamazaki, Y.; Hattori, T.; Inomata, M.; Murakami, Y. J. Catal. Miyamoto, A.; Kobayashi, K.; Inomata, M.; Murakami, Y. J. Phys. Chem. Nakajima, F.; Takeuchi, M.; Matsuda, S.; Uno, S.; Mori, T.; Watanabe, Y.; Naruse, Y.; Ogasawara, T.; Hata, T.; Kishitake, H. Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Niiyama, H.; Ookawa, T.; Echigoya, E. Nippon KagakuKaishi 1075, 2 , 1871. Niiyama, H.; Murata, K.; Echigoya, E. Geus, J. W.; Geiiings. P. J. Ind. Eng. Shikada, T.; Fujimoto, K.; Kunugi, T.; Tominaga, H.; Kaneko, S.; Kubo, Y. Takagi, M.; Kawai, T.; Soma, M.; Onishi, T.; Tamaru, K. J . Phys. Chem. Tauster, S. A vanadla-alumina catalyst (10% V, O, on AI,O,) was employed in a packed-bed, tubular reactor to obtain kineticThe deactivating effect of SO2 on the reaction rate of the selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH, over a vanadia-alumina catalyst was examined. A two-parameter model developed in the companion paper (Nam, I.; Eldridge, J. W.; Kittrell, J. R. Znd. Eng. Chern. Prod. Res. Dev., preceding paper in this issue) was extended to the analysis of the deactivation data. The activation energies for both fresh and deactivated catalysts were similar. The sulfur content of the catalyst, as well as its surface area, appears to be a dominant deactivation parameter, analogous to coke-induced deactivation. Pore size distribution changes indicate that deactivation in this reaction system involves pore filling and plugging by the deactivating agent. That agent appears to be aluminum sulfate, on the basis of experimental results obtained from thermal gravimetric analyses. An empirical exponential dependence of catalyst activity on the catalyst sulfur content was observed for both primary reactions, NO reduction and NH, oxidation.