This paper is aimed at analyzing the social capital ofkopay chili farmers in Payakumbuh City. The characteristics of social capital on the kopay chili farmers were analyzed descriptively from 53 farmers selected using snowball sampling. These farmers had with long experiences in conducting kopay chili farming in Payakumbuh. The result of the study showed that the social capital of kopay chili farmers consisted of excellent trust, social norms and networks. Social capital variable having a high level of farmers perception are social norm, namely, activities that help each other among farmers. Social capital gave a beneficial for farmers in supporting their farming activities. Therefore, the government should pay attention to social capital in designing the agricultural education strategies for improving the kopay chili farmers performances.

The Performance of Indonesian researchers is relatively low at the international and ASEAN levels. Moreover, LIPI (Indonesian Institute of Sciences) as one of the largest research institutions in Indonesia, its ranks on webometrics continue to decline. This study aims to prove the factors that influence the performance of LIPI researchers. This study aims to examine the effect of competence, training, organizational support, organizational climate, and researchers' characteristics on performance. With a stratified proportional sampling data collection technique, we obtained 153 researchers in research centers in LIPI. Data was collected using a questionnaire manually and online. Data were analyzed using partial least square (SEM-PLS), multiple linear regression, and descriptive statistics. The analysis concluded that research competence, training, functional position, academic qualification, and age had a significant effect on performance. But, organizational support and organizational climate had no significant effect on performance. Research competence contributes to the highest influence on performance. From this study, we recommended an increasing frequency of organizing international scientific writing training to improve researcher performance.

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of competence and knowledge management on performance (a case study of BAPETEN employees). Respondents in this study were BAPETEN employees, totaling 490 respondents. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Amos with Amos software version 24. The results of this study found that competence and knowledge management affect positively and significantly on performance. And also gender as a moderating variable does not have a significant effect on employee performance or competence, due to the absence of a distinction between male and female genders. So it is expected that further researchers can expand the variables in improving performance in the company.

Innovation is an important aspect in the nation's competitiveness. Technology transfer is required to bring invention into innovation. However, the implementation technology transfer, especially commercialization technology is still considerably low. This challenge is faced by Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) to commercialize Indonesian rice varieties. Adoption and interest of Industry in the commercialization of varieties invented by IAARD in 2019 was only 11%. This study aims to build roadmap business strategy for commercialization rice varieties invented by IAARD. The method used in this research was a business model canvas approach, SWOT analysis, and a strategic roadmap. The results showed that there were 11 strategies that can be applied in four approaches , namely a) intensive strategy: expanding and mapping new customer segmentation, optimizing promotion mechanisms and attracting new partners, and strengthening the organizational structure of implementing technology transfer, b) turn-around strategy: adding and increasing HR competence, planning R&D activities by measuring Technology Readiness Level (TRL or TKT), and increasing the capacity of facilities and infrastructure, c) diversification strategy: improving the quality of rice varieties and commercial technology transfer services, pre-licensing, and d) consolidation strategy: building information systems, collaborative alliances with stakeholders, and valuation of intangible assets. The strategies were described in 19 programs mapped on a strategy roadmap of transfer of technology on commercialization rice variety invented by IAARD.

Indonesia is the fifth largest areca producer with a land area of ​​137,600 ha in 2015 with a production of 47.000 tons and a productivity of 0,34 tons/ha (Directorate General of Plantations, 2016). Aceh Province is one of the centers for areca cultivation in Indonesia. Areca is a commodity that is mostly cultivated by farmers in Bireuen Regency. So that, this commodity has an important role in the life of farmers in Bireuen Regency because their income depends on the areca cultivated. Generally, the weak bargaining position of farmers is due to the lack of market access and market information. Different price levels received by farmers will create marketing margins. This study aimed to identify and analyze areca marketing and analyze the operational efficiency of areca marketing in Bireuen Regency, Aceh Province. Qualitative descriptive analysis was used to analyze areca marketing channels. Meanwhile, quantitative analysis is used to measure the efficiency of areca marketing by using marketing margin analysis, farmer's share. The results showed that there were 3 marketing channels in Bireuen Regency which involved three marketing agencies, namely village collectors, sub-district collectors and wholesalers. There are 38 farmers (66,67 percent) that chose the first channel (Farmer – Village Collector Traders – Wholesalers). When viewed from the lowest margin (Rp 5.975,00/Kg) and the highest farmer's share (65,37 percent), the relatively efficient marketing channel is channel 2, namely Farmers-Wholesales. In the areca marketing, it appears that there is no institutional role at the farmer level in increasing the bargaining power of areca farmers in Bireuen Regency. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the role of farmer level institutions in the processing and marketing of areca in order to improve the bargaining position of areca farmers.