ABSTRACT. Structure and organization of Scarabaeinae assemblages (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) in different vegetation types in SouthernBrazil. Patterns of species richness, abundance, diversity, equitability and dominance, and the organization in feeding and behavioral guilds of Scarabaeinae fauna were analyzed in three different vegetation types (forest, native field and crop) in northwestern of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, among September and November 2012, with the use of pitfall traps baited with different resources (feces, rotting meat and fermented banana). A total of 9,325 specimens were captured, distributed in nine genera and 32 species. The most abundant species were Onthophagus aff. tristis Harold, 1873, Canthidium aff. trinodosum (Boheman, 1858), Canthon aff. fallax Harold, 1868, Canthon lividus Blanchard, 1845 and Deltochilum morbillosum Burmeister, 1848 which represented 65.54% of the total individuals sampled. The forest showed the highest values of number of individuals and species. The lower richness was observed in the field while the crop showed the lowest abundance of individuals. Scarabaeinae showed qualitative and quantitative differences in their assemblies across vegetation types sampled. The forest showed the highest observed species richness and a fraction of these are unique to this environment, and rarely occurs in other types of ecosystems. In general, the forest has a greater proportion of trophic generalist or copro-necrophagous species in its composition. Another part of this fauna, being largely represented by coprophagous species, is adapted to open environments indicating a change in food guild caused by replacing the forest with pasture. Thus, in a broader context the landscape can play an important role in diversity of dung beetles. KEYWORDS. Dung beetles, forest, native field, crop, attractiveness.RESUMO. Padrões de riqueza de espécies, abundância, diversidade, equitabilidade e dominância, além da organização em guildas tróficas e comportamentais da fauna de Scarabaeinae foram analisados em três diferentes fitofisionomias (floresta, campo natural e lavoura) na região noroeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, entre setembro e novembro de 2012, através da utilização de armadilhas de queda iscadas com distintos recursos (fezes, carne em decomposição e banana fermentada). Foram capturados 9.325 espécimes, distribuídos em nove gêneros e 32 espécies. As espécies mais abundantes foram Onthophagus aff. tristis Harold, 1873, Canthidium aff. trinodosum (Boheman, 1858), Canthon aff. fallax Harold, 1868, Canthon lividus Blanchard, 1845 e Deltochilum morbillosum Burmeister, 1848 que representaram 65,54% do total de indivíduos amostrados. A floresta apresentou os valores mais elevados de número de indivíduos e de espécies. A menor riqueza foi observada no campo, enquanto a lavoura apresentou a menor abundância de indivíduos. Scarabaeinae apresentou diferenças quali-e quantitativas em suas assembleias pelas fitofisionomias amostradas. A floresta abrigou a maior riqueza observada de espé...