This study presents the results of investigation of red pigments and binding media used in ancient manuscripts for rubrication and illumination. The commercial compounds were analysed with the aim to create a short data library which could be used for the characterization of different model compositions of red pigments and dyes. Finally, these analytical data will be used for the identification of specimens obtained from ancient manuscripts. The red pigments and binding media were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and thermal (TG/DSC) analysis techniques.
In the present work, analytical method for the determination of trace elements in adipose tissue by means of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was developed. Adipose tissue from two groups of the patients with obesity (with and without metabolic syndrome) was investigated. The main aim of this study was to reveal some differences and regularities in concentrations of trace elements in adipose tissue between these two groups of the individuals. Moreover, different types of adipose tissue (subcutaneous, preperitoneal, and visceral) were analyzed separately in order to investigate distribution of metals between these types in different groups of obese people. Al, Ba, Ca, Co, Cu, Cr, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Sr, and Zn were selected for the quantitative determination. However, only 6 elements (Na, K, Ca, Fe, Mg, and Zn) were determined in all analyzed samples independently of the type of adipose tissue and presence of metabolic disorder of the patient. Concentrations of Ca, Fe, K, and Na were found to be strongly dependent on the type of adipose tissue. Other elements in terms of detection frequency in adipose tissue samples can be arranged in the following sequence Sr (94.7%), Cr (86.2%), Cu (24.6%), Li (18%), Ba (1.8%), Co (0.05%). The concentrations of Al, Mn, and Ni were found to be lower than limit of detection (LOD) in all analyzed samples. Comparison of metal distribution depending on the type of adipose tissue of people with and without metabolic syndrome is discussed in this work.
Šiame straipsnyje rentgeno difrakcinės analizės (XRD) ir Furje transformacijos infraraudonosios spektroskopijos (FTIR) metodais buvo apibūdinti Baltijos gintaro ir archeologinės keramikos mėginiai iš dviejų Lietuvos archeologinių radaviečių: Benaičių (Vakarų Lietuva) ir Turlojiškių (Pietų Lietuva). Palyginimui buvo tirti Baltijos pajūrio (ties Nida) ir nežinomos kilmės gintaro, rasto Vilniaus senamiestyje archeologinių kasinėjimų metu, mėginiai. Tyrimo metu nustatyta, kad keturi gintaro mėginiai iš Baltijos pajūrio, du mėginiai iš archeologinių radaviečių ir nežinomos kilmės gintaro mėginys iš Vilniaus senamiesčio savo chemine sudėtimi niekuo nesiskiria. Todėl daroma išvada, kad visi tirti gintaro mėginiai priskirtini Baltijos jūros regiono gintarams. Archeologinių keramikos mėginių tyrimo pirmiau minėtais metodais metu iš dviejų Lietuvos archeologinių kompleksų buvo nustatyta, kad pagal fazinę sudėtį šie mėginiai skiriasi, t. y., be vyraujančios abiejuose mėginiuose kvarco fazės, Turlojiškių mėginiui, kitaip nei Benaičių arheologiniame komplekse aptiktam ir tirtam mėginiui, būdinga kalcito kristalinė fazė. Tikėtina, kad keramikos gamyba Turlojiškėse vyko žemesnėje temperatūroje, negu Benaičiuose. Daroma išvada, kad tiek XRD, tiek FTIR yra ypač vertingi gintaro ir archeologinės keramikos mėginių apibūdinimo metodai.
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