We sought to identify a new serum biomarker for breast cancer screening and diagnosis using stepwise proteomic analysis of sera from breast cancer patients to detect the presence of autoantibodies that react with urinary protein. Two-dimensional immunoblotting was done for screening autoimmunogenic tumor antigens in the urine of breast cancer patients. Reactive spots were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Among urinary proteins separated by twodimensional electrophoresis, 13 spots showed strong reactivity with pooled sera from breast cancer patients or control sera. By mass spectrometry, we identified A 2-HS glycoprotein (AHSG) as a tumor antigen. Peripheral blood was obtained from 81 women diagnosed with breast cancer before surgery and 73 female donors without evidence of any malignancy for the individual analysis. In onedimensional Western blot analysis, AHSG autoantibody was detected in 64 of 81 breast cancer patients (79.1%) and in 7 of 73 controls (9.6%). The sensitivity of this test in breast cancer patients was 79.0%. Our results suggest that AHSG and anti-AHSG autoantibody may be useful serum biomarkers for breast cancer screening and diagnosis. (Cancer Epidemiol

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Because a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m was an independent factor of LE occurrence on multivariate analysis, patients with a preoperative BMI ≥ 25 kg/m should be closely monitored for LE given their increased risk, and monitoring and education should be initiated before surgery and continued throughout the course of NAC.