This paper presents methods and results of Phases One and Two of a multi-phase research program whose long-term goals are to develop an instrument for scaling people on the multidimensional attribute proximity of clothing to self (PCS) and to verify content and construct validity and reliability of the instrument, including the individual dimensions that comprise the PCS concept. Phase One resulted in (a) revised definitions of six PCS dimensions and (b) 78 PCS Scale items with established content validity. Both definitions and items are grounded in people’s experience of clothing in everyday life across age and gender. Completion of three rounds of confirmatory factor analyses in Phase Two resulted in a 24-item PCS Scale that has demonstrated construct validity and reliability for adolescents in high school. The initially hypothesized 6-factor scale was not confirmed for adolescents; content from the six dimensions was integrated into a 4-factor scale for use with this age group. Recommendations for further testing of construct validity of the PCS Scale across the life span are made.

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Background: The purpose of this study is to verify how participation in cultural and leisure activities by middle-and old-aged households with people with disabilities affects subjective health status and life satisfaction. Methods: Secondary analyses were conducted with 1,223 persons aged 50 years or over and living alone with disabilities, using the raw data from the 2017 National Survey on Persons with Disabilities. Results: The results indicated that participation in cultural and leisure activities moderates the effects of subjective health status on life satisfaction. Conclusions: This study revealed that policies and programs to encourage participation in cultural and leisure activities for persons with disabilities are needed for enhancing life satisfaction.

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