InP-based quantum dots (QDs) have attracted much attention for use in optical applications, and several types of QDs such as InP/ZnS, InP/ZnSeS, and InP/GaP/ZnS have been developed. However, early synthetic methods that involved rapid injection at high temperatures have not been able to reproducibly produce the required optical properties. They were also not able to support commercialization efforts successfully. Herein, we introduce a simple synthetic method for InP/GaP/ZnS core/shell/shell QDs via a heating process. The reaction was completed within 0.5 h and a full color range from blue to red was achieved. For emitting blue color, t-DDT was applied to prevent particle growth. From green to orange, color variation was achieved by adjusting the quantity of myristic acid. Utilizing large quantities of gallium chloride led to red color. With this method, we produced high-quality InP/GaP/ZnS QDs (blue QY: ~40%, FWHM: 50 nm; green QY: ~85%, FWHM: 41 nm; red QY: ~60%, FWHM: 65 nm). We utilized t-DDT as a new sulfur source. Compared with n-DDT, t-DDT was more reactive, which allowed for the formation of a thicker shell.

Cationic-exchange methods allow for the fabrication of metastable phases or shapes, which are impossible to obtain with conventional synthetic colloidal methods. Here, we present the systematic fabrication of heteronanostructured (HNS) Cu 2−x S@CuInS 2 nanodisks via a cationic-exchange reaction between Cu and In atoms. The indium−trioctylphosphine complex favorably attacks the lateral (16 0 0) plane of the roxbyite Cu 2−x S hexagon. We explain the phenomena by estimating the formation energy of vacancies and the heat of reaction required to exchange three Cu atoms with an In atom via density functional theory calculations. In an experiment, a decrease in the amount of trioctylphosphine surfactant slows the reaction rate and allows for the formation of a lateral heterojunction structure of nanoplatelets. We analyze the exact structures of these materials using scanning transmission electron microscopy−energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, we demonstrate that our heteronanodisk can be an intermediate for different HNS materials; for example, adding gold precursors to a Cu 2−x S@CuInS 2 nanodisk results in a AuS@CuInS 2 nanodisk via an additional cationic reaction between Cu ions and Au ions.

Figure 3. a) T 1 -weighted image of rat liver obtained by 3-T MRI. b) T 2weighted image and c) corresponding relaxation rate change DR 2 /R 2 of T 2 , which was obtained from (b).

We first report the GaAs/ZnSe and InGaAs/ZnSe core/shell structured colloidal quantum dots (CQDs). GaAs based CQD, which are hard to obtain by the chemical synthetic method, can be prepared successfully using the acetylacetonate complex of indium and gallium as cationic precursors. We control the indium contents, and the photoluminescence emission is tuned from orange to deep red. InGaAs/ZnSe core/shell QDs show the best quantum yield of 25.6%. A ZnSe outer shell protects the core and improves quantum yield, and it shows a large red shift owing to the quasi-type-I band structure.

We synthesized a new type of PbS colloidal quantum dot (QD) embedding CuS (PbS[CuS] QDs) by rapid injection of a sulfur precursor into a lead precursor solution followed by cation exchange of Pb with Cu ions.