In the present study, the difference of long carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic (C-LFT) depending on the type of polymer resins at the same carbon fiber content (30 wt.%) was compared. The different types of C-LFT were made using five polymer resins such as polyamide 6, polyamide 6,6, polycarbonate, high density polyethylene and polypropylene. Tensile test, flexural test, and unnotched Izod impact test were carried out and the cause of difference in the mechanical properties was considered by analyzing the adhesion characteristics. Fracture appearance and work of adhesion between the fiber and the resin were observed. In addition, the difference and its cause in electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) was investigated. From the results, the polyamide 6 is most appropriate to the carbon fiber among the samples in the aspects of interfacial shear strength and fiber dispersion.