The Open Source Software (OSS) development model has emerged as an important competing paradigm to proprietary alternatives; however, insufficient research exists to understand the influence of some OSS project characteristics on the level of activity of the development process. A basic such characteristic is the selection of the project's software license. Drawing upon social movement theory, our study examined the relationship between OSS licenses and project activity. Some OSS licenses include a "copyleft" clause, which requires that if derivative products are to be released, it must be done under the license the original product had. We hypothesize that copylefted licenses, as opposed to noncopylefted licenses, are associated with higher developer membership and coding activity, faster development speed, and longer developer permanence in the project. To test the hypotheses, we used archival data sources of working OSS projects spanning several years of development time. We discuss practical and theoretical implications of the results as well as future research ideas.

Dispersion in working teams has been addressed by extant research mostly in terms of the physical distance that separates team members. Recently, the focus has shifted toward an examination of a newer construct-temporal dispersion (TD). The study of TD so far has been constrained mostly to conceptual work. This study furthers the understanding of TD through an empirical investigation of its relationship with open source software (OSS) team performance. In this paper, hypotheses are developed based on coordination theory, and analyses are performed using data collected from multiple archival sources comprising 100 OSS development teams. Results indicate that TD positively affects development speed and quality and that software complexity moderates the relation between TD and software quality. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

The state of software development performance is far from being exemplar, with a success rate well below that of other industries, and understanding how to improve these projects is not only substantive but urgent. Software development is at most times a collaborative effort, yet we do not understand clearly how different collaboration structures associate with development performance metrics. This paper empirically examines the association between collaboration patterns, project productivity and product quality through a field study of working software open source new product development teams, using archival data from electronic sources related to Open Source Software projects. Collaboration structures are measured using Social Network Analysis and in terms of their network density, network centralization and the level of boundary spanning activity of team members. Productivity and quality are measured using "hard", code-based metrics. Results of regression analyses testing relevant hypotheses suggest that project managers need to strongly encourage internal collaboration, but be wary of allowing team members to participate in multiple projects. The breadth of skills within the team is a tactical asset that may increase the efficient frontier in the quality–productivity trade-off. Results also show that centralized structures associate with higher product quality and development productivity.

The problem-solving view of new product development sees the innovation process as a series

A study of mass transfer to regular packings by the electrochemical technique is presented in this paper. The excellent properties of radial mixing were verified and the correlation for mass transfer rate was also obtained. It was found that the energy efficiency, which is represented by the LeGoff number, is higher than that of other packings due to the low pressure drop shown by these arrangements.