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RESUMONeste trabalho, foram elaborados dois torquímetros para análise de força isométrica durante as contrações voluntárias máximas de punho e antebraço. Após a confecção dos equipamentos, foram realizados testes piloto com voluntários universitários, sendo registradas as medidas de torques. Houve diferença significativa entre os gêneros, quando se comparou a força desempenhada em posição neutra de punho, sem desvios. No que se refere às medidas de pronação e supinação de antebraço, os homens desempenharam mais força que as mulheres, em todas as posições iniciais de análise. Notaram-se diferenças significativas quando se comparou a lateralidade, ou seja, houve maiores valores de força de pronação e supinação (em Nm) de antebraço direito do que de esquerdo, para homens (209,95±55,93 de pronação e 211,94±62,76 de supinação) e mulheres (98,42±34,68 de pronação e 89,60±28,10 de supinação). É possível, por meio dos equipamentos, comparar a contração muscular voluntária máxima e a despendida em atividades laborais que necessitam de movimentos associados à força de antebraço e punho. ABSTRACTThe aim, in this study, was to elaborate two torquemeters to analyze the isometric strength during maximum voluntary contractions in movements of wrist and forearm. After the equipments were created, using appropriated material, pilot tests were conducted to university students as volunteers and torques measures were registered. There was a significant difference between the genders, when the strength performed in neutral wrist position was compared. As for the forearm pronation and supination measures, the men achieved higher strength than the women, in all positions of initial analysis. There were significant differences when the laterality was compared, that is, there were higher values of the right forearm pronation and supination (Nm) than of the left one, for both men (209.95±55.93 to pronation and 211.94±62.76 to supination) and women (98.42±34.68 to pronation and 89.60±28.10 to supination). It is possible, with the equipments, to compare the maximum muscular voluntary contraction and the one performed in laboral activities that require strength movements of wrist and forearm.

Objective: To analyze the effects of low-level laser therapy (GaAs, 904 nm) for bone repair on tibial fractures in rats. Methods: Forty rats were divided into four groups of 10 animals: control group without fracture (CG); fracture group without treatment (EG II); fracture group treated with laser at 10 J/cm2 (EG III); and fracture group treated with laser at 15 J/cm2 (EG IV). The fracture was produced surgically and the treatment lasted 45 days, done on alternate days. After treatment completion, the rats were sacrificed. The tibias were radiographed and subjected to mechanical three-point flexion tests in order to evaluate the maximum force (N) required to break them. Results: The observed maximum force values (N) were: control group (CG) of 51.5 N ± 7.9 N; EG II 17.2 N ± 7.8 N; EG III 16.6 N ± 12.1 N; and EG IV 30.3 N ± 7.8 N. There were statistically significant differences between the control group and the experimental groups and also between experimental group IV and the other experimental groups (II and III). Radiographs showed callus formation in all the fractured groups, thus indicating that they had undergone the normal tissue repair process. Conclusion: EG IV, which underwent laser therapy with a dosage of 15 J/cm2, showed the highest maximum force value (N) among the experimental groups, thus demonstrating the influence of higher laser dosage on bone repair.

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Knowledge of the anatomical variations of the muscles of the first dorsal compartments of the wrist is clinically relevant to De Quervain's tenosynovitis and to reconstructive surgeries. In the literature, there are many reports of the presence of multiple insertion tendons in the first dorsal compartment of the wrist, but few reports describe occurrences of fusion and muscle contributions. This case report describes an anomalous bilateral contribution of the extensor pollicis longus. This anomalous contribution was found through a slender auxiliary tendon that crossed laterally under the extensor retinaculum, entered the first dorsal compartment of the wrist and merged with the tendon of the extensor pollicis brevis muscle. In the same cadaver in which this contribution was present, there was atypical muscle fusion of the abductor pollicis longus muscle and extensor pollicis brevis muscle. In conclusion, anomalous bilateral contribution of the extensor pollicis longus muscle and atypical muscle fusion, concomitant with a variant insertion pattern, are the highlight of this case report. Furthermore, it is concluded that additional tendons may be effectively used in reconstructive surgeries, but that there is a need for knowledge of the possible numerical and positional variations of these tendons, with a view to making more effective surgical plans.