Greenhouse plant production involves a number of processes such as transpiration, condensation, photosynthesis, and climate control. Such processes, in turn, set off mass and heat transfer phenomena that influence not only the quality and quantity of crop production but also its environmental cost. While these processes have considerably been analyzed in separate, they strongly interact with one another. For instance, increased radiation (mainly thermal infrared) increases temperature, reduces humidity, consequently increases transpiration, and affects CO 2 exchange as well as other reaction rates. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a numerical tool with a solid physical basis which allows, through the construction of a computational model, to simulate the fluid flow environment. Heating, ventilation, and condensation have been analyzed in the greenhouse environment with CFD techniques. The current challenge is the interaction of these processes and their impact on the production system. The present work summarizes some CFD investigations carried out in this topic, in order to analyze the processes of heat and mass transfer in a greenhouse for agronomic purposes.In greenhouse crop production, climate has peculiar considerations, because the most important data is the impact of the environmental factors on the crop cycle. The cultivation of plants requires a sufficient amount of light, a specific range of temperature, humidity, and CO 2 , among other requirements. These requirements are primarily influenced by the greenhouse design and size and vary according to the local climate conditions. For instance, the radiation quantity inside the greenhouse depends on whether greenhouses are built with PVC or glass, because the surface material is the element to optimally use solar radiation for the required lighting [1].Recently, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems have been extensively used in urban spaces, such as offices or stores, at agriculture area, and specifically in greenhouses. For instance, HVAC has been used in buildings in order to analyze the optimization and comfort inner Officine's and several uses. In greenhouses, the concept is incipient, even though the application of the ventilation and calefaction systems as a method to climate control in cold and warm regions is nothing new.The climate produced in a greenhouse is the result of complex mechanisms involving the processes of heat and mass exchange. The internal climate is strongly dependent on the outside conditions, especially in unheated greenhouses. In greenhouse climate models, the parameters of the internal climate such as air, soil, and crop temperatures as well as air humidity are calculated using energy and water vapor balances for the various components of the system [2].Climate in the greenhouse is a consequence of radiation crossing the cover material, usually plastic. After that, climate condition is a strong relationship between several factors, temperature, humidity, wind velocity, and the solar radiation. Environ...
Several millions of water liters are lost around the world for a deficient management of water between source to crop field. UAD, Unmanned Aerial Devices, Remotely-Piloted Aerial Devices, also called drones are an efficient tool of increasing use in engineering and can be used in situations where a manned inspection is not possible. With the advent of low-cost equipment with sophisticated computer vision, robotics and geomatic engineering, these devices are able to generate high-resolution images and videos even with low cost cameras. Performance of hydrologic region depends on its maintenance to get functionality, operability and to ensure life expectancy, which demand frequent supervision and use of resources. Mexican hydrologic conditions are high linked at stochastic environment conditions, plus large surface implied a real difficult to basin management. Consequently, monitoring of environment factor such as, precipitation and evapotranspiration are constant activities in order to get a sustainably resources. In this work, a potential use of UADs as show, as a tool to help monitor operations and maintenance activities of Mexican hydrologic and hydraulic systems. The results indicate that UADs provide the appropriate platforms to transport remote sensor and achieve the supervision and monitoring process of hydraulic conditions in a basin. The results are opportune detection of water volume in basin, water plan delivery, of water leaks and performance of irrigation service.
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