No abstract

-The paleontological site "Picos II", located at Picos farm, municipality of Piranhas, 10 it is a fossiliferous deposit with lagoon geomorphological features.

Os objetivos do presente trabalho consistiram em testar um modelo denominado HYCYMODEL para realizar o estudo do processo chuva-vazão da bacia do Rio das Pedras, região de Guarapuava, Estado do Paraná, Brasil, e obter índices de evapotranspiração relativa (ETr/ETp), a partir das estimativas da evapotranspiração potencial (ETp) com o método de Thornthwaite e evapotranspiração real (ETr) obtidas com o HYCYMODEL, na referida bacia. Os ajustes entre as vazões observadas e estimadas com o HYCYMODEL foram considerados bons quando contrastados com os valores apresentados por outros autores, porém a estimativa da evapotranspiração real (ETr) e, conseqüentemente do balanço hídrico pelo modelo, não foi considerada adequada no presente trabalho. Palavras-chave: HYCYMODEL, processos chuva-vazão, índice de evapotranspiração. ABSTRACT. Study of the rainfall-runoff process in Rio das Pedras watershed, Guarapuava, State of Paraná, with the HYCYMODEL model. The aim of the present work was to characterize the rainfall-runoff process in Rio das Pedras watershed, located in Guarapuava, state of Paraná, Brazil, applying the HYCYMODEL, and get relative evapotranspiration indexes (ETr/ETp), based on the estimations of potential evapotranspiration (ETp), using Thornthwaite method and the real evapotranspiration (ETr) with the application of the HYCYMODEL, in the above mentioned watershed. The adjustments between the observed and estimated runoffs with the HYCYMODEL were considered optimum when compared to the values presented by other authors. However, the valuation of ETr and consequently of the water balance by the model was not considered adequate in this work.

The present work conceptualizes and applies the concept of "flow" as part of the didactic intention related to the quality of transitions between activities of a design experiment. The flow was used as the central protoprinciple in the developiment of a course on Special Relativity for high school based on a Design-Based Research (DBR) methodology. The work has involved the participation of researchers and public school teachers of the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Meetings, production and didactic interventions were collectively organized. The comparison between the desired flow and fluency observed by the students was analyzed as a result of the research. An auxiliary research on the understanding on the concept of event is also constructed and complements the research. Looking forward the generalization proposed by researchers in this area, the protoprinciple of the flow was presented as a potential idea for the development of didactic sequences. The flow's diagram was presented as a practical representation of the intentions of the developers and the flow instrument has shown as a method for producing data. These elements were tested in a cycle of research and are intended for use in other design experiments.

This paper aims to compare different models to support decision making in production planning (and, consequently, in sales and inventory), in an environment where product demands are variable and uncertain, it is possible to produce at normal hours and overtime, loss of sales is consequence of stockouts, there is limit to internal storage, with possible and more expensive external storage, and ordering costs are non-negligible. At first, we present a linear and deterministic model, with known demand and without shortage. In the second model, safety stocks are calculated to meet a probabilistic demand, but it is not yet considered the possibility of shortage. The third model includes shortage calculation as a consequence from demand uncertainty. The last two models use an iterative process to re-estimate the unit cost of storage, needed to calculate safety stocks in each period of the planning horizon. The models were implemented in MSExcel, making use of linear programming and search functions available in the software. As the original problem, data of the examples are based on real companies. The study allows concluding that, in the problem analyzed, linear models, simpler and faster to execute, may be sufficient to support good decisions.