Two new cases of gynandromorphs in bees are described and figured: a mixed, nearly bilateral gynandromorph of the orchid bee Euglossa (Euglossa) tridentata Moure and a mixed gynandromorph of the megachilid bee Megachile (Chelostomoides) otomita Cresson. Records of gynandromorphic bees recently documented in the literature are also summarized. In less than a decade, more than 20 new cases were documented in 15 species and five genera previously unknown; as of today, gynandromorphs are recorded from 113 species in 29 genera of all bee families. Most gynandromorphs have been recorded from the long‐tongued bee families Apidae and Megachilidae, but at the generic level, a significant percentage of species are from the megadiverse Megachile s.l. (23% of the total) and Andrena (14%) (Andrenidae). Although gynandromorphs are known from all major biogeographic regions of the world, most are recorded from the Holarctic region (79%) (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Taxonomía y sistemática Registros nuevos de abejas sin aguijón (Apidae: Meliponini) para los estados de Chiapas y Oaxaca, México New records of stingless bees (Apidae: Meliponini) for the Mexican states of Chiapas and Oaxaca

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Stingless bees (Apidae, Meliponini) are key pollinators in natural and agricultural Pantropical environments. Current human activities, however, threaten their populations, making it urgent to assesstheir abundance and genetic status. By a population genetics approach, we calculated the genetic diversity and estimated the number of wild colonies of two stingless bee species, Trigona nigerrima (Cresson) and T. corvina (Cockerell) in southern Mexico. Allele richness ranged from 10 to 19 (mean ± SD = 14 ± 3.5) for both species. Expected heterozygosity ranged 0.88-0.93 for T. corvina and 0.82-0.92 for T. nigerrima. The estimated number of colonies estimated was 25 on average for T. corvina and 21 for T. nigerrima. According to our results populations of both species seem not to be in danger. We also show that genetic tools can be extremely useful for colony density estimation for stingless bees as it is for bumble bees and honey bees.

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