Antecedentes: Los aneurismas del segmento comunicante posterior representan aproximadamente 25% de todos los aneurismas intracraneales, y el 50% de los aneurismas de la arteria carótida interna. El objetivo fue evaluar la eficacia del tratamiento quirúrgico y endovascular en el manejo de aneurismas de esta localización. Métodos: Estudio comparativo retrospectivo. Se revisó las historias clínicas de pacientes con aneurisma del segmento comunicante posterior que ingresaron al departamento de Neurocirugía del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara durante el periodo 2010–2017. Se comparó estancia hospitalaria, complicaciones, mortalidad y estado funcional a los 12 meses, en relación al tratamiento recibido, microquirúrgico o endovascular. Resultados: Se evaluaron 256 pacientes, 111 (43.36%) recibieron tratamiento quirúrgico, y 145 (56.64%) endovascular. En el caso de aneurismas rotos, el estado de independencia funcional fue alcanzado por 68 (66.7%) y 69 (70.4%) pacientes que recibieron tratamiento quirúrgico y endovascular, respectivamente (OR: 0.84, IC 95%: 0.46–1.53; P = 0.505). Se presentaron complicaciones neurológicas en 37 (36,3%) y 34 (34.7%) pacientes sometidos a tratamiento microquirúrgico y endovascular, respectivamente (OR: 1.07, IC 95%: 0.60–1.91; P = 0.912). La estancia hospitalaria promedio fue 19.55 ± 13.85 y 14.06 ± 14.97 días, para pacientes con tratamiento quirúrgico y endovascular, respectivamente (P < 0.008). La mortalidad fue 11.8% y 11.2%, con ligera predominancia en el grupo tratado quirúrgicamente (OR: 1.05, IC 95%: 0.44–2.52; P = 0.904). Conclusión: No existe diferencia significativa respecto al resultado funcional a los 12 meses, complicaciones y mortalidad entre ambos tipos de tratamiento en el caso de aneurismas rotos. Los pacientes sometidos a terapia endovascular tuvieron de forma significativa menor estancia hospitalaria.
Introduction: Solitary intracranial plasmacytoma is a rare plasma cell tumor that affects the skull, meninges, and brain. Unlike multiple myeloma, it does not have systemic manifestations. Its symptoms are characterized by a progressively growing tumor that generates local pain. It does not have a pathognomonic image and can be confused with other lesions, being its diagnosis histological. The prognosis is good and the main treatment modalities are surgery and/or radiation therapy. Clinical Case: 64-year-old female patient with a clinical picture characterized by loss of strength in lower limbs and thermal rise. On examination: Patient awake, Glasgow 15 points, paraparesis 4/5, photoreactive and isochoric pupils. Imaging examinations show an extensive contrast-enhancing lesion involving cerebral meninges at the frontoparietal level bilaterally, with a moderate mass effect. A subtotal resection of the lesion is performed, with the patient presenting a good clinical evolution. The histological result was a plasma cell tumor. In the 6-month follow-up, no residual lesion was observed, maintaining outpatient control by an outpatient clinic. This case shows a rare pathology that is sometimes confused with a meningioma. Conclusion: Solitary intracranial plasmacytoma is a rare tumor that can easily be confused with other more common lesions. Its diagnosis is only made with a histological study. It has a good prognosis and can be treated by surgical resection and/or radiotherapy. Keywords: Plasmacytoma, Brain, Meninges, Neoplasms, Plasma Cell (Source: MeSH NLM)
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