RESUMO -Foram estudadas prospectivamente 55 crianças que apresentaram meningite bacteriana no período neonatal, com o objetivo da analisar a frequência e o tipo de sequelas neurológicas. Todas as crianças nasceram a termo, sendo 38 do sexo masculino e 17 do feminino; a idade de início da doença variou de 3 a 28 dias. Os principais agentes etiológicos foram as enterobactérias. O tempo médio de seguimento foi 5 anos. A frequência de sequelas neurológicas foi 67,3%, representadas principalmente pelo atraso do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor (58,2%), hidrocefalia (45,5%) e convulsões (34,5%). As alterações motoras graves ocorreram em 23,6% dos pacientes (tetraplegia, diplegia, hemiparesia e ataxia). As convulsões na fase aguda da doença e a cultura positiva do líquido cefalorraqueano estiveram associadas significativamente com a presença de sequelas. Na avaliação do desempenho escolar, realizada em 25 crianças, observaram-se dificuldades na aprendizagem em 48% dos casos, associadas significativamente à deficiência mental.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: recém-nascido, meningite, seguimento.Vários estudos têm mostrado que a meningite bacteriana neonatal representa causa importante de morbimortalidade infantil, apesar dos avanços nas áreas da terapêutica antimicrobiana e cuidados Neonatal bacterial meningitis: prospective study of the long term outcome of 55 childrenABSTRACT -Fifty-five infants who presented bacterial neonatal meningitis were prospectively studied to analyze the frequency and the type of sequelae. All the infants were full term newborns.There were 38 boys and 17 girls; the age of disease onset varied from 3 to 28 days. The causative organism was represented mainly by enterobacteriae. The median time of follow-up was 5 years. The frequency of neurologic sequelae was 63.7%, represented mainly by neuropsychomotor development delay (58.2%), hydrocephaly (45.5%) and convulsions (34.5%). Severe motor abnormalities ocurred in 23.6% of children (quadriplegia, diplegia, hemiparesia and ataxia). Convulsions in the acute phase of the disease and the positive cerebrospinal fluid culture were highly associated to sequelae. The school performance, obtained in 25 children, showed presence of disabilities in 48% of cases, which were significantly associated to mental retardation.
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