A systematic study to include 3 J HH couplings into DP4 formalism (J-DP4) led to the development of three alternative strategies. The dJ-DP4 (direct) approach involves a new DP4-like equation including an additional probability term given by 3 J HH . The iJ-DP4 (indirect) approach explores the original DP4 method with a restricted conformational search. Despite both strategies performing better than DP4, their combined use (iJ/ dJ-DP4) provided the best results, with a 2.5-fold performance improvement at similar or lower computational cost.

Five-membered rings are clearly among the most common structural motifs found in chemistry and biology. Nevertheless, the configuration of conformationally mobile five-membered rings is often difficult to assign from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data. A simple, reliable, and efficient approach for the stereochemical analysis of five-membered rings based on the measurement of NMR coupling constants is presented. Density functional theory calculations using representative conformations of the full conformational space available to rings with different substitution patterns were used to identify differences between the accessible coupling constant values for cis and trans relative orientations of the substituents. The calculations were assessed experimentally using NMR data obtained from a number of models. This approach can be easily used to analyze different five-membered rings, such as oxolanes, cyclopentanes, furanosides and pyrrolidines, and their relative configuration can be determined without the need for making further conformational considerations.

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It has long been known that people with blood group O are more severely affected by El Tor cholera than those with blood groups A or B. Microcalorimetry and NMR spectroscopy are used to evaluate the ability of the B‐subunits of cholera toxin and E. coli heat‐labile toxin to bind to selected blood group oligosaccharides.

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