RESUMENLa necesidad de disminuir la cantidad final de residuos de construcción y demolición que se producen en las plantas de prefabricados de hormigón nos ha llevado a analizar el comportamiento mecánico de un hormigón elaborado con áridos reciclados procedentes de piezas prefabricadas de hormigón, con la finalidad de un posible futuro uso como árido en dosificaciones de hormigón armado y pretensado para piezas prefabricadas. Se ha trabajado con áridos reciclados en dos situaciones: estado natural y sometidos a presaturación, con hormigones H40 y H50 autocompactantes, tomando como única variable la sustitución de fracción gruesa del árido 4/12 mm con los siguientes porcentajes, 0%, 20%, 50% y 100%. Los resultados de los ensayos realizados indican que hormigones elaborados con áridos reciclados procedentes de elementos prefabricados pueden presentar una excelente calidad como hormigón estructural para su futuro uso como autoconsumo.Palabras clave: árido reciclado, hormigón, dosificación, resistencia mecánica, residuos. SUMMARYThe need to diminish the final amount of waste produced in construction and demolition processes in plants of concrete prefabricated products, has made us analyze the mechanical behaviour of concrete made with recycled aggregate coming from discarded concrete prefabricated units. The aim was to find a possible use for this recycled aggregate in different proportions in reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete, for prefabricated elements. Two situations using recycled aggregate have been studied: one of them, in natural state and subject to pre-saturation with selfcompacting H40 and H50 concrete, using as the only variable the substitution of the 4/12 mm coarse aggregate in the following percentages: 0%, 20%, 50% and 100%. The results of the tests performed indicate that concretes with recycled aggregate coming from discarded prefabricated units can offer an excellent quality as structural concrete for future uses. Keywords INTRODUCCIÓNEl creciente aumento en la generación de residuos y la falta de lugares donde depositarlos impone a la sociedad la necesidad de habilitar mecanismos de gestión que permitan dar una respuesta adecuada ante tal situación. El sector de la construcción debe dar respuesta y aportar soluciones sostenibles que minimicen los efectos de los residuos que generan, promoviendo iniciativas de reciclado dentro de la propia actividad.Este estudio analiza la viabilidad de la utilización del ári-do reciclado (AR) procedente de las piezas prefabricadas de desecho que se generan durante el proceso de fabricación en la planta de prefabricados de la empresa PRAINSA en Zuera (Zaragoza), como árido en dosificaciones de hormigón armado y pretensado de autoconsumo.La fábrica de PRAINSA desecha un 5% del total de las piezas fabricadas en los procesos de calidad. Estos elementos, durante todo su proceso, sufren un exhaustivo control que garantiza una mayor homogeneidad del AR con respecto a los fabricados con productos de demoliciones de hormigón, asegurando la no contaminación del...
The construction industry must meet current environmental requirements, mostly those pertaining to the reduction in construction and demolition waste and the consumption of raw materials. The use of recycled concrete aggregates can be part of the solution, but one question that arises is how many times recyclables can be recycled. This unknown involves other related queries regarding the properties and possible uses of repeated recycled concrete aggregates. This research is derived from the precast concrete industry, where multi-recycling is a pressing need. From good-quality parent concretes, three cycles of recycled concrete aggregates were produced and analysed. The final results are promising due to the good quality of the recycled and multi-recycled concrete aggregates obtained. Not only can they be used in low-level applications (backfilling) as usual, but they can also be used for more demanding purposes, such as graded aggregates, cement-treated road bases and concrete pavements. Their use in structural concrete is feasible, but it will be dependent on the water absorption level and the amount of recycled aggregate substitution. This research proves the viability of multi-recycled concrete aggregates with all of the associated environmental benefits.
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