No abstract

By the peak of COVID-19 restrictions on April 8, 2020, up to 1.5 billion students across 188 countries were affected by the suspension of physical attendance in schools. Schools were among the first services to reopen as vaccination campaigns advanced. With the emergence of new variants and infection waves, the question now is to find safe protocols for the continuation of school activities. We need to understand how reliable these protocols are under different levels of vaccination coverage, as many countries have a meager fraction of their population vaccinated, including Uganda where the coverage is about 8%. We investigate the impact of face-to-face classes under different protocols and quantify the surplus number of infected individuals in a city. Using the infection transmission when schools were closed as a baseline, we assess the impact of physical school attendance in classrooms with poor air circulation. We find that (i) resuming school activities with people only wearing low-quality masks leads to a near fivefold city-wide increase in the number of cases even if all staff is vaccinated, (ii) resuming activities with students wearing good-quality masks and staff wearing N95s leads to about a threefold increase, (iii) combining high-quality masks and active monitoring, activities may be carried out safely even with low vaccination coverage. These results highlight the effectiveness of good mask-wearing. Compared to ICU costs, high-quality masks are inexpensive and can help curb the spreading. Classes can be carried out safely, provided the correct set of measures are implemented.

By the peak of COVID-19 restrictions on April 8, 2020, up to 1.5 billion students across 188 countries were by the suspension of physical attendance in schools. Schools were among the first services to reopen as vaccination campaigns advanced. With the emergence of new variants and infection waves, the question now is to find safe protocols for the continuation of school activities. We need to understand how reliable these protocols are under different levels of vaccination coverage, as many countries have a meager fraction of their population vaccinated, including Uganda where the coverage is about 8%. We investigate the impact of face-to-face classes under different protocols and quantify the surplus number of infected individuals in a city. Using the infection transmission when schools were closed as a baseline, we assess the impact of physical school attendance in classrooms with poor air circulation. We find that (i) resuming school activities with people only wearing low-quality masks leads to a near fivefold city-wide increase in the number of cases even if all staff is vaccinated, (ii) resuming activities with students wearing good-quality masks and staff wearing N95s leads to about a threefold increase, (iii) combining high-quality masks and active monitoring, activities may be carried out safely even with low vaccination coverage. These results highlight the effectiveness of good mask-wearing. Compared to ICU costs,

Resumo. Classificação de documentos é um problema estudado na literatura há vários anos com diversas soluções robustas já disponíveis. Porém, devido a peculiaridades de cada língua e da natureza dos documentos, faz-se necessário investigar a abordagem que melhor se adeque a um problema específico. Neste trabalho, realizamos um estudo comparativo de diversas metodologias usadas para classificação de documentos, com foco no problema de classificar diversos tipos de documentos jurídicos escritos em língua portuguesa. Mais especificamente, analisamos o desempenho de cinco abordagens para realizar a tarefa de reconhecer 11 tipos de petições intermediárias de uma vara de execução fiscal do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de Alagoas. Em nossos experimentos, a abordagem baseada em representação vetorial TF-IDF com classificador SVM (TFIDF-SVM) destacou-se pela alta acurácia e baixo tempo de treinamento, além de gerar modelos caixa-branca. Palavras-chave. processamento de linguagem natural, classificação de documentos, justiça.