Glass pieces were highly appreciated goods in the Protohistory of the Iberian Peninsula. The specialized production of these glass pieces seems noncompatible with local workshops, and therefore, they are proof of commercial relationships with other cultures with the technical capability to produce such pieces. However, detailed studies of glass beads of archaeological relevance are scarce, as these samples usually appeared without a clear historical context. Nevertheless, the archaeological site of Pintia (Padilla de Duero, Valladolid, Spain) is a relevant exception to this situation. About 600 pieces have been recovered by 2018, with a significant percentage found in closed tombs. In this work, a set of 15 representative pieces from the Vaccaei culture (IV‐I centuries BC) have been studied by Raman spectroscopy and ESEM/EDX. The combination of both techniques provided valuable information about the fabrication of these samples, identifying diverse features that could be related to different workshops or origins. In particular, the characteristics of a sophisticated bifacial pendant were found to be compatible with their provenance from Carthage. Also, some of the pigments employed on these samples were identified by Raman spectroscopy, finding lead oxides, calcium antimoniate, hematite, and Naples yellow. The diverse trousseaus and viatic offerings found in the Vaccaei tombs show the relevance and complexity of the funerary cremation rituals in their culture. The study by Raman spectroscopy of well‐preserved and thermally altered glass beads found in the same tomb allowed estimating the maximum temperature reached during the cremation in about 600°C, which confirmed previous estimations derived from the state of conservation of the bone remains.

En este trabajo presentamos una serie de instrumentos de alfarero procedentes del complejo artesanal de Cartuja (Granada). Se lleva a cabo un estudio tipológico y decorativo junto a la caracterización arqueométrica del conjunto con el objetivo de definir el modo productivo alfarero de época altoimperial, así como su procedencia. Los datos obtenidos permiten aproximarnos a la tecnología de estos instrumentos y definir sus características geoquímicas contrastadas con los datos de otros complejos artesanales de la Bética romana.

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This paper presents the results of an archaeometric analysis of pre-Roman and Roman ceramics from the Vaccean Iron Age hillfort of Pintia (Valladolid, Spain). The study assesses degrees of romanization and hybridization by investigating changes in local ceramic production and the dissemination of new technologies with the arrival of Roman rule. Thin-section petrography, XRD, and geochemical analyses (using XRF) have been utilised on a selection of pre-and post-conquest vessels from habitation contexts. This work goes beyond traditional typological analyses to shed light on the resilience of 'Second Iron Age' communities, who's ceramic traditions largely persist into Roman times, albeit with some changes, like shifts in the preferences and location of raw materials.