Abstract-In this paper, the most adequate architecture to implement dual frequency amplifiers is shown. Composite Right/Left Hand (CRLH) and Extended Composite Right/Left Hand (ECRLH) transmission lines are studied and evaluated to find the most suitable structure for dual band power amplifiers. As an example, the performance of a class CE amplifier, working in TETRA and GSM frequency bands, is compared with simulations and measurement, showing good agreement. INTRODUCTIONThe increasing demand for wireless systems requires the use of higher frequency spectrum. Such high frequencies entail two major drawbacks: First, line transmission losses increase significantly. And second, solid state devices present power limitations at radio frequency (RF). Besides, when high RF power is demanded, there are some problems related with conventional system design and implementation, which can be overcome combining several RF devices to achieve the desired level. Another problem arises from the need of multifunction transponders to cope with several services, usually allocated at different frequencies, in the only terminal, being a well known example multiband or even GPS mobile phones. As a result of all these drawbacks, the development and use of multi-frequency highperformance power amplifiers is required. In this paper, TETRA Corresponding author: V. Gonzalez-Posadas (vgonzalz@diac.upm.es).

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In this paper, the authors provide a methodology to design nonparametric permutation tests and, in particular, nonparametric rank tests for applications in detection. In the first part of the paper, the authors develop the optimization theory of both permutation and rank tests in the Neyman-Pearson sense; in the second part of the paper, they carry out a comparative performance analysis of the permutation and rank tests (detectors) against the parametric ones in radar applications.First, a brief review of some contributions on nonparametric tests is realized. Then, the optimum permutation and rank tests are derived. Finally, a performance analysis is realized by Monte-Carlo simulations for the corresponding detectors, and the results are shown in curves of detection probability versus signal-to-noise ratio.

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