Background Resistance exercise (RE) is also known as strength training, and it is performed to increase the strength and mass of muscles, bone strength and metabolism. RE has been increasingly prescribed for pain relief. However, the endogenous mechanisms underlying this antinociceptive effect are still largely unexplored. Thus, we investigated the involvement of the endocannabinoid system in RE-induced antinociception. Methods Male Wistar rats were submitted to acute RE in a weight-lifting model. The nociceptive threshold was measured by a mechanical nociceptive test (paw pressure) before and after exercise. To investigate the involvement of cannabinoid receptors and endocannabinoids in RE-induced antinociception, cannabinoid receptor inverse agonists, endocannabinoid metabolizing enzyme inhibitors and an anandamide reuptake inhibitor were injected before RE. After RE, CB1 cannabinoid receptors were quantified in rat brain tissue by Western blot and immunofluorescence. In addition, endocannabinoid plasma levels were measured by isotope dilution-liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Results RE-induced antinociception was prevented by preinjection with CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptor inverse agonists. By contrast, preadministration of metabolizing enzyme inhibitors and the anandamide reuptake inhibitor prolonged and enhanced this effect. RE also produced an increase in the expression and activation of CB1 cannabinoid receptors in rat brain tissue and in the dorsolateral and ventrolateral periaqueductal regions and an increase of endocannabinoid plasma levels. Conclusion The present study suggests that a single session of RE activates the endocannabinoid system to induce antinociception.
Background Increasing evidence suggests that reducing pulse pressure amplification (PPA) plays an important role in pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular disease. This is a cross-sectional, observational, and analytical study in which we evaluated the associated factors with a greater chance of reducing PPA in 136 healthy children and adolescents aged 8 to 19 years old stratified by gender and age group. Methods Arterial stiffness and vascular and hemodynamic parameters were non-invasively measured using Mobil-O-Graph® (IEM, Stolberg, Germany), a cuff-based oscillometric device. PPA was expressed as the peripheral-to-central pulse pressure ratio (PPp / PPc). Participants with PPA < 1.49 were considered as part of the arterial stiffness group. Results In a univariate model, the increase in total vascular resistance, the reflection coefficient and the augmentation pressure were more likely to have arterial stiffness in all groups. The factors most likely to have arterial stiffness (as assessed by the reduction of the PPA) in the multivariate model were increasing age, the reflection coefficient and cardiac index in the total sample, male group and child and adolescent groups. In addition to age in the female group, cardiac output, stroke volume, and AIx@75 were the factors most likely to present arterial stiffness. Conclusions The results show for the first time in children and adolescents that the factors most likely to reduce PPA are related to the reflection wave, which determines aortic pressures and, therefore, left ventricular afterload.
Objetivo: Analisar o grau do comprometimento da capacidade funcional dos idosos em isolamento durante a pandemia por Coronavírus e refletir sobre os principais impactos nos serviços públicos de saúde. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal, feito de forma 100% virtual, comparando algumas variáveis de interesse com a capacidade funcional dos participantes do estudo, medida através da escala de Lawton. Resultados: Participaram 210 pessoas com 67,0 (62,0 – 75,0) anos. Os resultados indicaram que houve diferença significativa no escore da Escala de Lawton entre: quem possuía e não possuía alguma doença crônica; quem trabalha e quem não; quem cumpriu totalmente e quem cumpriu parcialmente o isolamento social; quem teve e quem não teve dificuldades em manter os cuidados coma saúde durante o período de isolamento. Além disso, houve diferença significativa no escore de Lawton entre os participantes que relataram tristeza e humor deprimido e os que não relataram. Conclusão: Embora não identificados de maneira isolada, vários fatores podem influenciar na capacidade funcional de idosos. Porém, percebe-se que a saúde mental é a variável que teve maior impacto em idosos durante o isolamento social.
Introdução: As unidades de terapia intensiva (UTI) são complexas e demandam recursos financeiros e de pessoas, o que representa um desafio aos gestores principalmente em um hospital universitário (HU). As características da equipe interdisciplinar que presta assistência aos pacientes podem ter grande influência nos números de exames solicitados com um grande impacto no custo total da UTI. Objetivo: Avaliar os principais fatores envolvidos no número de exames solicitados de uma UTI cardiovascular de um HU, com especial atenção para a atuação da equipe interdisciplinar. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, analítico e retrospectivo, realizado na UTI de um HU de Belo Horizonte. Foram analisados os custos referentes à assistência hospitalar de 1365 participantes no período de setembro de 2018 a setembro de 2019 Resultados: Com relação ao número de exames laboratoriais, radiológicos e totais tivemos uma diferença significativa naqueles atendidos por mais de 4 profissionais. Os Coeficientes de Correlação de Spearman mostraram uma correlação positiva entre o total de profissionais e o número de exames laboratoriais, radiológicos e totais realizados foram 0,392 (p<0,001), 0,356 (p<0,001) e 0,398 (p<0,001), respectivamente. Além disso, o número de exames, independentemente do tipo está associado a um maior número de condições adquiridas. Conclusão: Embora seja observado um número maior de solicitações de exames em equipes de maior complexidade, as condições adquiridas nos parece ser um fator crítico na solicitação destes, o que torna necessário uma reflexão sobre a intervenção eficaz e precoce da equipe interdisciplinar a fim de mitigar a ocorrência das condições adquiridas.
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