Abstract:Purpose: This study analyzes the mediating role of positive psychological capital in the relationship between authentic leadership and organizational commitment.Design/methodology/approach: This quantitative study presents a model in which were considered as variables mediating the relationship between authentic leadership and organizational commitment, the four dimensions of positive psychological capital (optimism, resilience, self-efficacy, hope). Findings:The results showed that positive psychological capital mediates the relationship between authentic leadership and organizational commitment. However, they also indicate that this mediation is only made for three of the four dimensions of positive psychological capital (self-efficacy, hope and optimism). They also show that resilience negatively affects organizational commitment.
Although training is critical to leverage performance and competitiveness, it has been reported that only a part of learned skills is transferred to the workplace, reinforcing the need for a deeper understanding of the transfer process. The purpose of this study is to validate the revised learning transfer system inventory (LTSI) in Portugal. LTSI was administrated to 403 participants from five organizations operating in Portugal, upon completion of training programs. Exploratory and confirmatory analyses were used to determine whether or not the new structure was replicated. Results showed a latent structure with 11 factors against the original 16. The study also analyzed LTSI dimensions across some individual and situational variables and revealed that transfer system perceptions are statistically different in several of them. Implications for HR and future research directions are presented.
descrença em relação à organização e à sua gestão, resultante da falta de congruência das práticas de gestão e traduzida por sentimentos e comportamentos negativos, é um constructo que tem vindo a ser recentemente sujeito a diversos estudos. Para a medição deste constructo têm sido utilizados dois questionários, sendo que nenhum dos quais está estudado para o contexto português. Assim, o presente estudo consistiu na adaptação da escala de medida do cinismo organizacional proposta por Brandes, Dharwadkar e Dean (1999) para o contexto português. Os resultados obtidos seguem na linha da proposta dos autores, apontando para o caráter tridimensional do constructo, embora não permitam rejeitar a possibilidade de este ser unidimensional. Os resultados sugerem um instrumento com boas propriedades de medida. Foram discutidas as implicações destes resultados. Palavras-chave:Cinismo organizacional, Dimensões do cinismo organizacional, Escala de medida.Segundo Beer, Spector, Lawrence, Mills e Walton (1984) ou Beer, Boselie e Brewster, (2015) há quatro grandes questões que devem ser endereçadas diretamente pela Gestão de Recursos Humanos, sendo que uma delas refere-se às questões da congruência de gestão. Esta questão é particularmente sensível, independentemente do contexto e do tipo de organização, em situações de mudança, quer do contexto, quer da organização, situações em que é potenciada a perceção de ausência de congruência das práticas de gestão (Beer et al., 1984;Bilhim, 2009).As transformações a que se tem assistido, quer no contexto externo, quer nas organizações, têm vindo a influenciar a forma de gestão, nomeadamente dos recursos humanos, focando-se na obtenção de resultados imediatos e de curto prazo, muitas vezes sem se ter em linha de conta os colaboradores (Kanter, 2009;Kochan, 2012).Esta nova realidade gestionária, nem sempre é percecionada positivamente pelos trabalhadores/ /colaboradores, podendo originar atitudes e comportamentos negativos em relação à organização e à sua gestão, potenciado pela incongruência, por um lado, entre os valores pessoais e os organizacionais e, por outro, entre os valores organizacionais explicitados pela gestão e a própria prática dessa mesma gestão. São estas incoerências que originam o cinismo organizacional (Abraham, 2000;Brown & Cregan, 2008). O cinismo organizacional refere-se a uma forma de autodefesa, que comporta pensamentos e sentimentos negativos e descrédito em relação, quer à organização em si, quer em relação aos que nela têm poder de decisão (Naus, Iterson, & Roe, 2007). Consiste numa atitude negativa do indivíduo em relação à organização para a qual trabalha, compreendendo uma dimensão cognitiva, afetiva e comportamental (Abraham,
Commitment has been perceived as a strategic topic in organizations due to its positive effect on retaining talent, increasing performance, or boosting employees’ innovative behavior. However there are many focis of commitment in the workplace, which has represented a challenge to human resources management, who need implement measures to improve the employee’s commitment. Recent research has suggested a need to conduct studies about commitment, namely antecedents and the relationship between different focis, to understand the dynamic and directionality between them. Hence, the purpose of this work is to analyze how employees’ emotional awareness relates with two focis of commitment (the leader and the organization), also assessing the mediating role of affective commitment to the leader. The study uses structural equation modeling and Lisrel to test the hypotheses considering the multidimensionality of organizational commitment (affective; normative; and continuance), employees emotional awareness (understanding self-emotions; self-control when facing criticism; and understanding others’ emotions), and the affective commitment to the leader, under the scope of Social Exchange Theory. The Mackinon’s Z Test was used to assess the mediation role of affective commitment to the leader. The sample is composed for 403 employees from two multinational companies. The results provide empirical evidence about the mediating role of affective commitment to the leader in the relationship between employees’ emotional awareness and organizational commitment, and the employees’ emotional awareness as an antecedent of commitment. The implications for theory and practice are discussed.
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