Pediatric solid tumors represent a distinct set of malignancies of embryonal origin whose incidence peaks in the first years of life. Specific genetic anomalies with pathogenic significance, which have helped to define the diagnosis better and to improve the prognosis of children with these tumors, recently have been discovered. Survival of children with solid tumors also has improved significantly because of effective multidisciplinary care, which, in this case, always involves chemotherapy and surgery. These favorable results require that children with these diseases are referred and treated at institutions that have multidisciplinary teams and the infrastructure and expertise for caring for these children. Diagnostic and therapeutic principles for the most common childhood solid tumors are discussed in this article, with an emphasis on surgical procedures.

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IntroductionTesticular cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm in men between the ages of 15 and 35, although it accounts for only 1% of male malignancies [1]. 95% originated from germ cells, which are the main cell type of the testis, and more than half of the germinal tumors contain a mixture of multiple histological types, forming mixed entities [2,3].Germ Cell Tumors (GCT) occur at all ages, and there are clearly identified risk factors, including: congenital genital malformations such as: undescended testis, family history of testicular tumors in first-degree relatives (father and siblings, 6 and 10 times more risk respectively), presence of contralateral tumor, infertility and exposure to diethylstilbestrol [4].The yolk sac tumor (YST), also known as endodermal sinus tumor, is the most common GCT in infants and children, accounting for 80% of germ cell tumors in this age group [5]. It is observed only in 2.4% of adult patients in their pure form since up to 42% of mixed GCTs have some component of the yolk sac [6].Due to the unusual presentation of the YST beyond de pediatric age (there are less than ten cases reported in the literature) there is no consensus in therapy after radical orchiectomy.We present the case of a 20-year-old male with a pure YST in the right testicle, metastatic to liver, retroperitoneum, and lung; with an evolution of approximately three months from diagnosis to death. Case ReportA previously healthy 20-year-old man, consulted to the emergency department for two days of emesis and abdominal pain associated with jaundice.On physical exam, the patient was stable, conscious and icteric. He had a distended abdomen, painful on palpation, but without signs of peritoneal irritation.Laboratory findings showed pancreatic amylase and hepatic transaminases were high. The CT scan of the abdomen showed a hypodense image in the pancreas head and duodenum, as well as a hepatic and retroperitoneal mass with thickening of the mesentery and pleural effusion.Based on the previous history, the initial diagnosis was an abdominal sepsis secondary to severe acute necrotizing obstructive pancreatitis by AbstractIntroduction: We present the case of a 20-year-old male with a pure yolk sac tumor in the right testicle and metastatic disease to liver, retroperitoneum, and lung; with an evolution of approximately three months from diagnosis to death.