A 10-month-old, spayed, female beagle (case 1) and an unrelated two-year-old, intact, female labrador retriever (case 2), both living in Pretoria, South Africa, presented individually on separate occasions with acute onset dyspnoea and severe hypoxia. Thoracic radiographs demonstrated severe, diffuse interstitial to alveolar lung patterns with mild pleural and mediastinal effusion. Mixed airway inflammation was seen on transtracheal aspirate cytology in case 1. Both cases received supportive therapy, but only one dog survived (case 2). African horse sickness (AHS) was diagnosed at necropsy based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry in case 1 and was diagnosed antemortally using reverse transcriptase-PCR on whole blood in case 2. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report to detail the haematological, biochemical, thoracic radiological, arterial blood gas and transtracheal aspirate cytology findings of AHS in dogs. This report also describes the treatment of a dog surviving clinical AHS infection.

No abstract

Unfortunately, there is no 'silver bullet' to optimize overall performance of a sulphuric acid plant. Plant equipment and operation must be viewed holistically to effectively integrate improvements to sustain efficient operation and profitability. This paper illustrates how tower and plant performance can be improved by an integrated approach that addresses both tower gas/acid distribution and mist elimination.

A 12-week-old female intact, pit bull terrier cross breed puppy presented with vomiting and haemorrhagic diarrhoea. Phagocytosed bacterial rods were observed on peripheral and central blood smears. A commercially available canine parvovirus ELISA test and subsequent electron microscopy for viral particles both tested negative on faecal sampling. The owners declined treatment and the puppy was euthanased. The postmortem revealed enteric necrosis, purulent meningoencephalitis, necropurulent hepatitis and diffuse interstitial pneumonia, with heavy Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium growth on blood and tissue culture. The Salmonella species were sensitive to most commonly used antimicrobials including ampicillin. Canine parvovirus enteritis was diagnosed by positive canine parvovirus specific immune-peroxidase staining of intestinal tissue sections. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper to describe canine parvoviral enteritis complicated by a salmonella bacteraemia, and the detection of a bacteraemia on a peripheral blood smear in a live dog.